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The Global Risks Forum Swiss association Public-good institution
Leadership, dialogue and governance of the annual programme

Stronger institutions for interconnected risks.

The Global Risks Forum (GRF) is a Swiss association and public-good institution that brings leaders and institutions together on shared risk. It convenes councils and dialogues through the year and governs Universe, the annual programme designed so that selected work is built, tested and learned from before a crisis does the testing.

Discuss cooperation Explore the annual programme
Leads
Leadership, institutional dialogue and governance of the Universe programme
Legal form
A Swiss association with a public-good, not-for-profit purpose, published location Zug
Works with
The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) and the Global Risks Alliance (GRA), the other pillar institutions of the Nexus Consortium
Never
Regulates, finances, procures or certifies
World mapThe world’s land and country boundaries, for context.
distance to the programme region anchorOuterRegionalNearCore

GRF · institution · fieldDESIGN FIGURE

Convening networkThe Consortium Secretariat’s links to the six programme regions; cells shaded by distance to each region’s population-weighted anchor. Not venues or commitments.

Platforms
12
12 established
Regions
6
In the consortium geography
Planned hubs
15
Coordination roles, not offices
Programme gates
8
G0 to G7 in each annual cycle
01The Forum

Where institutions agree how shared risks are governed, before a crisis decides for them.

The Global Risks Forum (GRF) is an independent Swiss association and a steward of the Consortium with GCRI. It convenes leaders and institutions through the year and governs Universe, the annual programme.

About the Forum

Process explorer · GRF · Programme

Programme year, G0 to G7

11 steps4 stages8 gates

GRF · Programme

Programme year, G0 to G7

Consortium · Governance · Councils · Dialogues · Programme year · Platforms · Standards · Reports · Take part · Universe year · Action Week · Handoffs · Programme states · The programme year · A national mission · Mission admission · Data and resources qualified · Build accepted for exercise · Action Week live operation · Stand-down and evidence sealed · Publication authorised · Correction and renewal · The Nexus cycle · National Nexus · Regional programmes · Working groups · Competence Cells and CERT · Joining as institution · Governance dialogues · Reports · Risk Academy · Finance readiness dossier · The Nexus Consortium · Twenty-seven phase cycle · Executable annual cycle · Complaint and appeal · Founding and institutional establishment · Consortium formation lifecycle · Constitutional amendment · Independent review and appeal · Correction and contestability · Registry entry · Body charter and council · Succession · Public interest and anti-capture · External authority hand-off · Funding · Public transparency · Gates G0 to G7 · Forming the annual agenda · NNC membership · Year-One leadership pathway · Public-authority interface and delegation · Annual Universe operating cycle · Participation campaign · Programme governance · Policy cycle · Deliberation · Exercise cycle · Cross-border dialogue · Convening · Working group

Prepared for a year, built in a month, tested in a week and stood down in a day, with each gate recorded by GRF.

  1. 01 Q1 · Planning

    1. 01National questionsStart · National DesksNational Desks collect material questions, capability gaps and candidate missions.
    2. 02G0 · Annual programme authorisedGate · The Global Risks ForumGRF authorises scope, participating structures, evaluation questions and publication intentions.

  2. 02 Q2 · Readiness and build

    1. 03G1 · Missions admittedGate · The Global Risks ForumGRF admits missions with reasons recorded, after testing inclusion, institutional fit and public purpose.
    2. 04G2 · Data and resources qualifiedGate · GCRI technical officeSources, people and resources are qualified. Risk Academy runs the qualification courses.
    3. 05G3 · Build accepted for exerciseGate · The Global Risks ForumGCRI builds in one month and delivers the Core Build Report. GRF accepts the build for exercise.

  3. 03 Q3 · Action Week and closeout

    1. 06G4 · Controlled live operation authorisedGate · The Global Risks ForumControlled exercises run in ten tracks for one week. Nothing simulated is reported as observed impact.
    2. 07Stand-downStep · UniverseNew work stops, temporary access is revoked and transferable evidence is sealed.
    3. 08G5 · Evidence sealed and stand-down recordedGate · GCRI and Risk AcademyThe evidence is sealed and completion records are written. Exceptions are recorded with owners.
    4. 09After-action reviewRecord · GRF and GCRIWhat worked, what failed and what was not tested is reviewed. Findings go to Reports (F04).

  4. 04 Q4 · Reporting and renewal

    1. 10G6 · Publication authorisedGate · The Global Risks ForumGRF authorises publication of reviewed results. GCRI publishes the Q4 synthesis in Reports.
    2. 11G7 · Renewal reviewedGate · The Global Risks ForumGRF reviews renewal. The NNC and NLC set next priorities at their quarterly alignment.

The programme year · Decision rights · Programme governanceAn outline of how the work is designed to run; it does not report the status of any decision or record.

Risks connect faster than institutions cooperate.

A heatwave strains a power grid, a hospital and a food supply at the same time. A cyber incident in one country halts ports and payments in several. The institutions that must respond are divided by mandate, sector and border, and they rarely practise together before the moment they need each other.

Shared risks have no single owner

River basins, grids, supply corridors and digital systems cross jurisdictions. No ministry, regulator or operator can govern them alone, and gaps between mandates are where failures spread.

Cooperation is improvised in a crisis

Roles, data-sharing and decision rights are often agreed only after an emergency begins. Institutions that have never tested their arrangements discover the weaknesses at the worst time.

Dialogue rarely leaves a record

Conferences produce statements, not commitments that anyone can follow up. Without records of what was agreed, by whom and with what dissent, the same questions return every year.

Three institutions, one coordinated programme.

The Nexus systems are operated at national and regional level by Nexus Consortiums through their host and lead organisations, within a multilateral programme led by three pillar not-for-profit institutions: The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), The Global Risks Forum (GRF) and The Global Risks Alliance (GRA), on a public-private-planet partnership.

InstitutionLeads onWhere to go
Global Risks Forum (GRF)Leadership, institutional dialogue and governance of the Universe programmeAbout GRF
The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), through GCRI US in Washington, DC and GCRI Canada in OntarioResearch, development and policy research; GCRI Canada leads the Consortium as its Secretariat and global contracting partyAbout GCRI
Global Risks Alliance (GRA)Translating risk evidence into the questions finance, insurance and development institutions ask, never an approvalFinance readiness at GRA
02Live map

People and hazards, now

Where people live, night-time lights and the floods and fires that public institutions answer to, from NASA satellites, with elevation and live natural events. Switch layers, draw an area and export an image with its citations.

The interactive map needs JavaScript; the layer list and sources are below.

Layers 2

People and hazards

About this layer
Evidence
Estimated
Source
Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University))
Provider
NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University)
Licence
CC BY 4.0
Vintage
null; Census-based estimate, static (2020)
Resolution
about 1 km grid
Uncertainty
Census-based estimate of people per square kilometre in 2020, shown as exposure context; not a count of people affected by any hazard.
Reached through
gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
About this layer
Evidence
Observed
Source
VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2) (NASA LAADS DAAC)
Provider
NASA LAADS DAAC
Licence
NASA open data
Vintage
daily; Satellite radiance, corrected for moonlight and atmosphere
Newest at build
2026-10-12
Resolution
about 500 m grid
Uncertainty
Satellite night-time radiance for the date shown; lights are a proxy for electricity use and outages, not a measurement of supply or access.
Reached through
gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
About this layer
Evidence
Observed (clouds leave gaps)
Source
VIIRS Global Flood Product (NASA LANCE)
Provider
NASA LANCE
Licence
NASA open data
Vintage
daily; Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps
Newest at build
2026-10-14
Resolution
about 250 m grid
Uncertainty
Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.
Reached through
gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
About this layer
Evidence
Observed (clouds and overpass timing leave gaps)
Source
VIIRS NOAA-20 375 m (FIRMS) (NASA LANCE FIRMS)
Provider
NASA LANCE FIRMS
Licence
NASA open data
Vintage
daily; Satellite detection; clouds and overpass timing leave gaps
Newest at build
2026-10-13
Resolution
about 500 m grid
Uncertainty
Satellite hot-spot detections for the day shown, including gas flares and industrial heat; not a confirmed fire, an incident report or a warning.
Reached through
gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
About this layer
Evidence
Observed
Source
VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance (NASA LANCE)
Provider
NASA LANCE
Licence
NASA open data
Vintage
daily; Satellite image
Newest at build
2026-10-14
Resolution
about 250 m grid
Uncertainty
Satellite image. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.
Reached through
gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map

Latest available

NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) · Natural Earth

Loading the latest NASA imagery.

Drag to move. Ctrl or ⌘ and scroll, pinch or the buttons to zoom; hover for the values under the pointer; reset returns to the region.

People and hazards, framed on the Rhine and the Alps.Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date. They are indicators, not assessments of any place.

Data: NASA GIBS · ASTER GDEM · Blue Marble · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Natural Earth · NASA EONETSources and licences

  • We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2018. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). doi:10.7927/H49C6VHW. CC BY 4.0
  • VIIRS Black Marble night-time lights, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; distributed by the NASA Level-1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System (LAADS DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • NASA Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS), VIIRS 375 m active fire product, NASA LANCE; vector tiles via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). Cite as: NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Spacesystems and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. doi:10.5067/ASTER/ASTGTM.003. NASA open data
  • Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. Public domain
  • © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), via NASA GIBS (coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). ODbL
  • Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • Context on the globe and flat map: coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names from NASA GIBS reference layers (OpenStreetMap data, ODbL, © OpenStreetMap contributors); Blue Marble imagery as an optional base; 3D terrain and the elevation read-out from the ASTER GDEM elevation colour index (5 m to 200 m classes, exaggerated for legibility). Boundaries are drawn as published and imply no position on any territory.
  • Globe: MapLibre GL JS 6.9.1, BSD-3-Clause, © MapLibre contributors.
  • Live events: NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET); events are indicative and keep their original source links.
  • Live: NASA EONET Events are indicative, not authority warnings.
  • NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
  • Optional layers (3 sources in the layer list: live, forecast, observed and context) print their provider credit on the map and here when switched on; forecasts are model output and derived indices are estimates.

Layers and dates

  • Population density, 2020: Population: CIESIN, Columbia University, Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (2018), NASA SEDAC, CC BY 4.0 · static
  • Night-time lights, daily: VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2), NASA LAADS DAAC · 12 Oct 2026
  • Flood water, 3-day composite: VIIRS Global Flood Product, NASA LANCE · 14 Oct 2026
  • Active fires and thermal anomalies: VIIRS NOAA-20 375 m (FIRMS), NASA LANCE FIRMS · 13 Oct 2026
  • True colour: VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance, NASA LANCE · 13 Oct 2026

03Build and read risk

Build a live risk picture, then read what cooperation has to hold.

Coupled risk, applied response.

The sectors a policy on drought has to coordinate: a choice in one ministry lands in the others.

Choose a context

ACoupled risk across six sectors10 / 15 relations

Sectors · DroughtStress

Illustrative: a teaching cascade over teaching values, not measurements.
BApplied response across six pillars18 / 18 handoffs

Pillars · DroughtKPI

Illustrative applications; the values are published benchmarks, cited in the readout.

In this contextDependence or handoff, heavier is strongerOutside this context

Context

Drought

Low river flows cut irrigation, cooling water and hydropower at once; food prices, nutrition and ecosystems follow.

W · E · I · F · H · B

Risk

Sectors
5 of 6
Relations
10 of 15
Coupling
0.68 share of total

Hover a corner, a line or a row to trace it across both sides.

Route

Applied to drought

L · F · U · S · R · A

Response

Pillars
6 of 6
Handoffs
18 of 18
Loops
17 closed

Expected value

What is at stake
–no published benchmark
Return on resilience
$7.1Tnet benefitsGlobal Commission on Adaptation, Adapt Now, 2019
Avoided loss
–no published benchmark

Hover a pillar, a line or a row to read how it is applied.

A: a teaching cascade (shock 0.6, gain 0.35, four rounds) over teaching values for a typical city-region, not measurements. B: illustrative applications and the KPI each pillar answers for; values are published benchmarks, cited, not forecasts. Open events: NASA EONET, live.

04Field explainer

One river, many authorities, before and after a shock.

How stress spreads along a river that six countries share, from the Alps to the North Sea delta, on real geography with elevation: the Rhine at baseline, in a summer of heat and low water, and in an Alpine flood travelling downstream. Select a scenario. The levels are examples, not results.

Shared-river field · select a scenarioSources
Shared-river field, illustrative values on real geographyThe Rhine basin from the Alps to the North Sea delta and how stress could spread across the authorities that share it under three scenarios: baseline, heat and low water, or an Alpine flood travelling downstream. Real geography; illustrative levels, not results.
No signalLowElevatedHighSevere
Sea floorDelta, 0 to 10 mPlain, 50 to 150 mUpland, 400 to 800 mHighland, 1,500 to 2,500 mAlpine, above 2,500 mRivers

FieldThe Rhine basin from the Alps to the delta under a low-water or flood scenario. Real geography. The levels are illustrative, not results.

Baseline

Who shares the river before a shock.

Six countries share the Rhine, with ministries, navigation authorities, operators, utilities and cities along it. Each holds part of the decision when the river fails. The Forum is where they agree before it does.

Countries
6
On the river, from the Alps to the delta
Regions
6
In the Consortium’s programme geography
05The programme year

Cooperation through the year, tested in one annual programme.

A year of preparation, a month of build and one week of controlled action. Three ways to take part, each with clear limits.

One year of work, tested in one week.

Universe is the annual operating, integration, exercise and learning programme of the Nexus Consortium. It is not a conference, a trade show, a procurement fair or a funding platform. GRF governs it. GCRI provides its technical office.

Programme calendar · one edition of UniverseThe annual programme
  1. 01 · One year

    Preparation

    Mandate, calls, admissions and qualified inputs.

    G0 · AuthorisedG1 · AdmittedG2 · Qualified
  2. 02 · One month

    Core build

    Missions built on the shared environment, readiness evidenced.

    G3 · Build
  3. 03 · One week

    Action week

    Ten tracks under exercise control.

    G4 · Operation
  4. 04 · After the week

    Close

    Review, publication and the decisions that renew the agenda.

    G5 to G7 · Close

Eight gates, G0 to G7, each a recorded GRF decision. No edition is on record yet. The calendar is the design of the year.

The four programme decisions GRF holds, within its instruments
DecisionGateWhat is decidedLimit
The annual mandateG0Scope, participating structures, evaluation questions and publication intentions of an editionNever sets a national agenda
Mission admissionG1Which missions enter the edition, with reasons recordedCannot admit a mission without an accountable owner
Gate decisionsG0 to G7A recorded decision at every gate. A gate not passed stops the work it governsA programme decision, never a public-authority approval, a certification or a deployment authorisation
Publication authorisationG6Publication of results that have passed scientific and editorial reviewCannot publish personal data

GRF holds direction and admission. GCRI’s technical office runs the simulation environment. Evaluation is assigned to people who did not design the scenario.

The programme has its own Universe website; the Universe gateway on this site sets out how GRF governs it.

06Governance areas

Nine governance areas, each with its own record.

Where GRF convenes institutions on shared risk.

Each programme area is designed to bring together the authorities, operators and experts who share a risk, so that roles are clarified and arrangements are tested before they are needed.

Convening

Leadership dialogues

Dialogues among leaders and institutions through the year, each producing a record of what was agreed and what remains open.

AgendaDialogue record
 Preparedness

Risk management and preparedness

National and institutional risk oversight, continuity, early warning and anticipatory action, with roles agreed in advance.

Role mapReadiness review
 Crisis

Disaster and crisis governance

Coordination between public authorities, operators and humanitarian actors across response and recovery.

Coordination planLessons
 Environment

Climate and nature

Institutions responsible for adaptation, nature and transboundary environmental priorities, working from shared evidence.

Shared agendaPolicy options
 Technology

Digital and AI governance

Human oversight, accountability and rights in the use of AI and digital public systems.

Oversight questionsDialogue record
 Health

Health security

Cross-border and public health responsibilities, and the continuity of health systems that depend on power, water and supply chains.

Responsibility mapExercise design
 Exercises

Exercises and simulation

Controlled scenarios with simulation marking, independent evaluators and after-action learning.

ScenarioAfter-action record
 Councils

Council programmes

Structured years for leaders and institutions: baselines, contribution plans, quarterly work and a reviewed next step.

BaselineContribution plan
 Annual programme

Universe governance

The annual mandate, mission admission, gate decisions and the publication of outcome records.

MandateGate record

Each offer, what it involves and what is available now is set out on Programmes. The technical basis for this work comes from GCRI’s programmes.

07Cooperation and routes in

National ownership first. Start with the question you need answered.

Start with the question your institution needs answered.

Most routes begin with an enquiry to the Secretariat and a conversation about scope. Cooperation with public authorities never depends on buying a membership tier.

Public authorities

Ministries and agencies

Bring a shared risk to a dialogue or propose an exercise. Your institution keeps its own authority throughout.

International bodies

Regional and multilateral organisations

Define a cross-border question for the annual agenda, using your own authorised instruments.

Leaders

Individual leaders

Ask about nomination to the Leadership Council at the council application form; selection comes before any contribution.

Experts

Experts and working groups

Find a bounded assignment in a working group or a specialist platform, matched to your competence.

Institutions

Operators, universities and civil society

Join through a constituency council with a contribution plan and declared interests.

Hosts and supporters

Hosts, venues and sponsors

Propose a venue or support at the partnership form, under written safeguards: hosting is not ownership and sponsorship is not authority.

Open now: information and enquiries. An enquiry receives a reference. Applications, contributions, computing allocations and event registration open only when their team, terms and review capacity are in place. See what each step creates on Participate and how GRF keeps itself accountable on Governance and trust.

08Shared fields

Every dialogue stands on shared evidence and shared rules.

The Forum’s platforms meet GCRI’s science and GRA’s finance in common fields. Trace a field across the three institutions, then follow it into the Standards councils adopt, the Academy’s courses for public servants and the Reports that keep the record.

Tracer

How the platforms connect through shared fields

12 GRF platforms23 shared fields48 counterpart platforms

The Global Risks Index

Every figure on this page is indexed: governance, conflict, society, The Rhine and the Alps.

205 sources451 indicators905 hazards54 series195 country profiles

Values forming2026-10-23 · 22c6eed

Overview

  1. 01 · Sources205 registered sourcesEvery value keeps its source and licence; withheld values are counted.Data and licences
  2. 02 · Nexus StandardsNIS-1 and NHS-1451 indicators, 905 hazards; every record carries a UNI.Nexus Standards
  3. 03 · The Index54 series, 195 country profilesComputed on the standards; no value is published until an edition is released.Values formingThe Global Risks Index
  4. 04 · This pageThe Global Risks ForumMaps, figures and feeds read the Index in the context of governance, conflict, society and The Rhine and the Alps.Public API
Sources205registered, each with its licenceIndicators451NIS-1, 106 composites, 20 domain indicesHazards905NHS-1, crosswalked to UNDRR-ISC HIPsSeries54global, sector, strategic, technology, thematicCountry profiles195one site per country

Series in this context governance, conflict, society

All 54 series · The 20 domain indices

GRF

Series in this context

54
  1. GLBGlobal SystemsThe state of interdependent global risk: the twenty domain indices aggregated to the world, the five core systems (water, energy, food, health, biodiversity) and their couplings, the global tail register and the gap…NXS-GRX-AR-000002HAZCLICONSOCFOOWATHLTENEINFFISFINECOCYBTECENVDEMGOVCRSMACSPC
  2. GS-14Global Policy and institutionsGovernance weakness, state capacity, rule of law, preparedness frameworks and the institutional ability to anticipate and adapt.NXS-GRX-AR-000072GOVCRSCON
  3. SR-02Conflict, fragility and human securityConflict risk and escalation, fragility, organised violence, civilian harm and the conflict–climate–food–displacement nexus.NXS-GRX-AR-000075CONGOVDEMFOOSOC
  4. SR-11Information integrity and social cohesionInformation disorder, polarisation, trust and cohesion as amplifiers of every other risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000084GOVSOCCONCYB
  5. GS-01Global WaterAccess, scarcity, quality, floods and droughts, groundwater depletion, transboundary dependency and the couplings of water to energy, food, health and nature.NXS-GRX-AR-000059WATHAZCLIHLTFOOENEENV
  6. GS-02Global EnergySupply adequacy, import dependency, grid reliability, affordability, extreme-weather exposure, critical minerals and transition pathways.NXS-GRX-AR-000060ENEINFCLIECOCYBMAC
  7. GS-03Global Food and agrifoodAcute and chronic food insecurity, production shocks, import dependency, prices, fertiliser and logistics chokepoints, nutrition and pollination dependency.NXS-GRX-AR-000061FOOWATCLIECOCONSOCENV
  8. GS-04Global HealthHealth security capacity, epidemic emergence and spread, heat and air-quality burden, health system stress and access.NXS-GRX-AR-000062HLTSOCDEMWATCLICRS
  9. GS-05Global Finance and economyFiscal and public debt risk, financial stability, external dependence, inflation and growth at risk, and the macro-financial channels of physical and transition risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000063FISFINECOMACCLI
  10. GS-06Global DevelopmentPoverty, inequality, human development, demographic pressure and displacement as the ground on which shocks become losses.NXS-GRX-AR-000064SOCDEMMACHLTGOV
  11. GS-07Global ClimateChronic and acute physical climate hazard, transition exposure, adaptation gaps and scenario pathways to 2030, 2050 and 2100.NXS-GRX-AR-000065CLIHAZENVENEFIN
  12. GS-08Global DisasterMulti-hazard exposure, disaster losses and mortality, return-period losses, protection gaps and coping capacity.NXS-GRX-AR-000066HAZCRSINFSOCFIS
  13. GS-09Global InfrastructureInfrastructure fragility, service continuity, interdependency of power, water, transport and telecommunications, and investment exposure.NXS-GRX-AR-000067INFENECYBHAZWAT
  14. GS-10Global CitiesUrban exposure, heat, flooding, informal settlement, service dependency and the economic weight of cities at risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000068DEMHAZINFSOCCLI
  15. GS-11Global BiodiversityEnvironmental pressure, ecosystem condition, nature dependency of economies and the nature–climate–water–food feedbacks.NXS-GRX-AR-000069ENVCLIWATFOOECO
  16. GS-12Global Earth observationWhat Earth observation can and cannot see of risk: coverage, revisit, latency and the observing systems GRIx depends on.NXS-GRX-AR-000070HAZCLIENVSPCTEC
  17. GS-13Global Cyber and digitalCyber capability and threat exposure, digital dependency, connectivity resilience and the cyber-physical channels into essential services.NXS-GRX-AR-000071CYBTECINFGOV
  18. GS-15Global Science and engineeringThe scientific, engineering and data capacity societies need to measure, model and reduce risk, and its concentration.NXS-GRX-AR-000073TECSOCGOV
  19. SR-01Global PolycrisisHow crises become entangled: common causes, domino effects and feedbacks across climate, economy, health and security.NXS-GRX-AR-000074HAZCLICONFISFOOHLTECO
  20. SR-03Supply chains, trade and chokepointsTrade concentration, maritime and overland chokepoints, input–output exposure and the propagation of supply shocks.NXS-GRX-AR-000076ECOINFENEFOOTEC
  21. SR-04MineralsCritical-mineral concentration, processing dependency, price and export-restriction risk, and the environmental and social footprint of extraction.NXS-GRX-AR-000077ECOTECENEENVGOV
  22. SR-05Fiscal resilienceFiscal space, debt sustainability signals, contingent liabilities from disasters, and pre-arranged finance.NXS-GRX-AR-000078FISMACFINHAZ
  23. SR-06Displacement and demographic changeForced displacement, migration pressure, ageing, youth bulges and urbanisation as risk multipliers.NXS-GRX-AR-000079DEMSOCCONCLI
  24. SR-07Food, water and energyThe food–water–energy nexus: shared stressors, trade-offs and joint failures.NXS-GRX-AR-000080FOOWATENECLI
  25. SR-08Financial contagion and systemic financeInterconnected exposures, sovereign–bank links, capital-flow reversals and contagion through financial networks.NXS-GRX-AR-000081FINFISECOMAC
  26. SR-09Planetary boundariesEarth-system boundaries and tipping elements as slow-onset, high-impact risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000082ENVCLIWATFOO
  27. SR-10Digital public infrastructureIdentity, payments and data-exchange infrastructure as public goods, and their concentration, cyber and continuity risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000083CYBTECGOVINF
  28. SR-12Health security and biosecurityPandemic and epidemic preparedness, antimicrobial resistance, zoonotic spillover and biosecurity controls, at public-safe level.NXS-GRX-AR-000085HLTENVCRSGOV
  29. SR-13Strategic technologyConcentration and control of strategic technologies, export controls and technological dependency.NXS-GRX-AR-000086TECECOCYB
  30. SR-14Global catastrophic and tail riskLow-probability, high-impact and global catastrophic risks: severe space weather, super-eruptions, engineered and natural pandemics, nuclear and frontier-technology failure modes, compound collapses.NXS-GRX-AR-000087SPCHAZHLTTECCON
  31. TH-01WEFH-B InterdependencyThe water, energy, food, health and biodiversity systems read together: drought to energy stress, energy disruption to health stress, biodiversity loss to food-system stress, flood to water contamination, heat to…NXS-GRX-AR-000108WATENEFOOHLTENV
  32. TH-02Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)Hazard, exposure, vulnerability, capacity, preparedness, redundancy and recovery readings for planning and learning, aligned to the Sendai Framework targets.NXS-GRX-AR-000109HAZCRSINFSOC
  33. TH-03Disaster Risk Finance (DRF)Loss sensitivity, protection gaps, contingent liabilities and the readiness questions for pre-arranged finance, insurance and risk transfer.NXS-GRX-AR-000110FISHAZFINCRS
  34. TH-04Disaster Risk Intelligence (DRI)Signals, observations, event streams, geospatial layers and scenario packs turned into structured risk intelligence for preparedness and planning.NXS-GRX-AR-000111HAZCLICONHLT
  35. XT-01Artificial Intelligence and Agentic SystemsAI and agentic systems as physical infrastructure (compute, energy, water, materials and supply chains) and as a hazard source: failure, misuse, concentration and oversight gaps.NXS-GRX-AR-000088TECCYBENEWATGOV
  36. XT-02Cyber and cyber-physical systemsThreats to operational technology, industrial control and cyber-physical systems across energy, water, health, ports and logistics.NXS-GRX-AR-000089CYBINFENE
  37. XT-03Telecommunications, open radio networks and edgeTelecom resilience, open and AI-native radio access networks, private wireless, edge compute and spectrum constraints.NXS-GRX-AR-000090INFCYBTEC
  38. XT-04Sovereign compute, HPC and cloudCompute dependency and concentration, cloud and data-residency risk, accelerator supply and secure compute.NXS-GRX-AR-000091TECCYBENE
  39. XT-05Quantum-relevant securityCryptographic resilience and the migration to post-quantum cryptography across public and financial systems.NXS-GRX-AR-000092CYBTECFIN
  40. XT-06SemiconductorsSemiconductor supply concentration, fabrication chokepoints, materials and equipment dependency and export-control exposure.NXS-GRX-AR-000093TECECOINF
  41. XT-07Earth observation and space systemsDependency on satellites for navigation, communications and observation; orbital congestion, debris and space-weather exposure.NXS-GRX-AR-000094SPCTECINF
  42. XT-08Drones, robotics and autonomous systemsAutonomous and robotic systems in logistics, agriculture, industry and security: failure, misuse and safety oversight.NXS-GRX-AR-000095TECINFCON
  43. XT-09Sensors, IoT and industrial IoTConnected sensing and control across cities, utilities and industry: attack surface, data integrity and dependency.NXS-GRX-AR-000096CYBINFTEC
  44. XT-10Digital twins and simulationDigital twins and simulation used for risk decisions: model risk, validation and dependency.NXS-GRX-AR-000097TECGOV
  45. XT-11Digital identity and trustIdentity, authentication and trust infrastructure: exclusion, fraud, breach and concentration risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000098CYBGOVSOC
  46. XT-12Positioning, navigation and timingDependency of power, telecom, finance and transport on positioning and timing signals; jamming, spoofing and space weather.NXS-GRX-AR-000099SPCINFCYB
  47. XT-13Energy transition technologiesBatteries, hydrogen, grid storage, renewables and their supply chains, failure modes and transition risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000100ENETECECOCLI
  48. XT-14Software and supply-chain integrityOpen-source and commercial software dependencies, build integrity and provenance across critical systems.NXS-GRX-AR-000101CYBTEC
  49. XT-15Biotechnology and biosecurityBiotechnology capability and governance at public-safe level: laboratory biosafety, oversight and detection capacity; no capability information is published.NXS-GRX-AR-000102HLTTECGOV
  50. XT-16Advanced manufacturingAdvanced and additive manufacturing, industrial automation and their supply, cyber and labour risks.NXS-GRX-AR-000103TECECOCYB
  51. XT-17Distributed ledgers and decentralised infrastructureDistributed ledgers and decentralised physical infrastructure networks: operational, financial-stability and governance risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000104FINTECCYB
  52. XT-18Climate intervention technologiesCarbon removal and proposed climate interventions: physical, governance and termination risks, read from published assessments only.NXS-GRX-AR-000105CLIENVGOVTEC
  53. XT-19Neurotechnology and human augmentationNeurotechnology and augmentation: safety, privacy, equity and governance risks.NXS-GRX-AR-000106TECHLTGOV
  54. XT-20Converging technologiesRisks that emerge where frontier technologies combine (AI with biotechnology, autonomy with cyber, compute with energy) and outrun single-technology governance.NXS-GRX-AR-000107TECCYBHLTGOV

All 54 series · The 20 domain indices

Hazard domains

905 hazards NHS-1, crosswalked to UNDRR-ISC HIPs GRIx hazards

Country profiles

6

Country profiles · The Rhine and the Alps

Every country profile carries the source and licence of each value. Correct a value or reply · all country profiles

Indicators and domains

451 indicators NIS-1, 106 composites, 20 domain indices GRIx indicator catalogue

  • CONConflict10 series
  • CRSCrisis7 series
  • GOVGovernance17 series
  • SOCSociety12 series
  • CLIClimate17 series
  • CYBCyber19 series
  • DEMDemography6 series
  • ECOEconomy13 series
  • ENEEnergy13 series
  • ENVEnvironment11 series
  • FINFinance8 series
  • FISFiscal7 series
  • FOOFood10 series
  • HAZHazards13 series
  • HLTHealth12 series
  • INFInfrastructure16 series
  • MACMacro6 series
  • SPCSpace5 series
  • TECTechnology26 series
  • WATWater10 series

The 20 domain indices

Nexus Standards

Nexus Standards

Sources and licences

205
SourceOriginLicenceLegal statusCommercial use
OpenStreetMap building footprints and height tagsosm.vector.buildingswww.openstreetmap.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenStreetMap planet extracts and minutely/hourly/daily replicationosm.planet.replicationplanet.openstreetmap.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenFreeMap Liberty / planet vector tiles (OSM-derived style lineage; public host not used at runtime)osm.openfreemap.libertytiles.openfreemap.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
VersaTiles OSM Shortbread vector tiles (OSM-derived COP catalog)osm.versatiles.shortbreadtiles.versatiles.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenFreeMap public instance (tiles.openfreemap.org) as the browser-direct vector basemap of the Risk Academy non-profit pagesosm.openfreemap.academy-publictiles.openfreemap.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
VersaTiles public tile server (tiles.versatiles.org) as a browser-direct vector basemap of the Risk Academy non-profit pagesosm.versatiles.academy-publictiles.versatiles.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
OpenStreetMap Foundation vector tiles (vector.openstreetmap.org, Shortbread) on the Risk Academy non-profit pages, tiles onlyosm.osmf-vector.academy-publicvector.openstreetmap.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
OpenAlex works API (api.openalex.org) as a live research source of the Risk Academy hubopenalex.academy-publicapi.openalex.orgCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Crossref REST API (api.crossref.org) as a live research source of the Risk Academy hubcrossref.academy-publicapi.crossref.orgLicenseRef-Crossref-Metadata-FactsAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Europe PMC RESTful web service (www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc) as a live research and preprint source of the Risk Academy hubeuropepmc.academy-publicwww.ebi.ac.ukLicenseRef-EMBL-EBI-Terms-of-UseAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
GDELT DOC 2.0 API (api.gdeltproject.org) as a live news source of the Risk Academy hubgdelt.academy-publicapi.gdeltproject.orgLicenseRef-GDELT-Open-Use-With-CitationAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
ReliefWeb API v2 (api.reliefweb.int) as a live humanitarian source of the Risk Academy hub, once an appname is approvedreliefweb.academy-publicapi.reliefweb.intLicenseRef-ReliefWeb-TermsPROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
arXiv API (export.arxiv.org) metadata as a preprint source of the Risk Academy hub, through the relay or the daily snapshotarxiv.academy-publicexport.arxiv.orgCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Google News RSS search feeds (news.google.com/rss) as headline links on the Risk Academy hub, through the relay or the daily snapshotgoogle-news-rss.academy-publicnews.google.comLicenseRef-Google-News-Feed-Personal-Use-OnlyPROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
Copernicus DEM GLO-30 (30 m global DSM), self-hosted Terrarium terrain archivecopernicus.dem.glo30registry.opendata.awsLicenseRef-Copernicus-DEMAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Sentinel-2 Level-2A surface reflectance COGs (AWS Open Data, Earth Search catalogue)copernicus.sentinel2.l2a.cogsregistry.opendata.awsLicenseRef-Copernicus-Sentinel-DataAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Copernicus DEM GLO-30 / GLO-90 COGs read on demand by nexus-rastercopernicus.dem.glo30.cogsregistry.opendata.awsLicenseRef-Copernicus-DEMAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
ESA WorldCover 10 m land cover (2020 / 2021) COGsesa.worldcover.10mregistry.opendata.awsCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
UNDRR-ISC Hazard Definition & Classification Review, 2025 Update of the Technical Report (Hazard Information Profiles classification, identifiers and multi-hazard method)undrr-isc.hip-classification.2025doi.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Natural Earth 1:110m Admin 0 Countries (bundled same-origin GeoJSON)naturalearth.admin0.110mwww.naturalearthdata.comLicenseRef-Public-Domain-Natural-EarthAPPROVEDALLOWED
geoBoundaries gbOpen administrative boundaries API (ADM0-ADM5)geoboundaries.gbopenwww.geoboundaries.orgPer-boundary source licence (boundaryLicense), admitted per country by the boundary licence gateAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
ohsome OSM history API (operator-bound only)osm.history.ohsomeapi.ohsome.orgODbL-1.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Nexus self-hosted OpenStreetMap planet basemap (Planetiler OpenMapTiles profile, PMTiles)osm.planet.omt.self-hostedplanet.openstreetmap.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenStreetMap Overpass API (bounded investigation / gap-fill)osm.overpasswiki.openstreetmap.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenStreetMap planet on the Nexus self-hosted Overpass engine (clone + minute replication)osm.overpass.self-hosted-planetplanet.openstreetmap.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenStreetMap regional extracts (Geofabrik download server) for bounded engine buildsosm.geofabric.regional-extractsdownload.geofabrik.deODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Overture Maps buildings theme (GeoParquet)overture.buildingsdocs.overturemaps.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Overture Maps places theme (GeoParquet, read in place)overture.placesdocs.overturemaps.orgCDLA-Permissive-2.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
City of Toronto Open Data asset registers (facilities, infrastructure and heritage datasets)toronto.open-data.asset-registersopen.toronto.caOpen Government Licence – Toronto (based on version 1.0 of the Open Government Licence – Ontario); not yet reviewedLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Ontario Data Catalogue asset registers (provincial facilities and infrastructure datasets)ontario.data-catalogue.asset-registersdata.ontario.caOpen Government Licence – Ontario; not yet reviewedLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
GlobalBuildingAtlas ODbL building polygons (OSM + Microsoft), research isolatedgba.odbl.polygonhuggingface.coODbL-1.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
GlobalBuildingAtlas non-ODbL polygons (Google Open Buildings, CLSM, PSR-derived)gba.bync.polygonhuggingface.coCC-BY-NC-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
GlobalBuildingAtlas LoD1 JSON linking polygons to height/variancegba.bync.lod1huggingface.coCC-BY-NC-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
GlobalBuildingAtlas 3 m building height GeoTIFF (GBA.Height)gba.bync.heightmediatum.ub.tum.deCC-BY-NC-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
GlobalBuildingAtlas generation software (im2bf, im2bh, produce_lod1)gba.generation.codegithub.comMIT-with-Commons-ClausePROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
AlphaEarth Foundations Satellite Embedding dataset (annual, 64-band, 10 m)alphaearth.satellite-embedding.annualdevelopers.google.comLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
geoBoundaries gbOpen ADM0 to ADM5 boundaries (William & Mary geoLab)geoboundaries.gbopen.admwww.geoboundaries.orgNOASSERTIONAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
UN OCHA Common Operational Datasets, Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB, P-codes) on HDXocha.cod-abdata.humdata.orgPer-country licence published on HDX (license_id), admitted per country by the boundary licence gateAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
UN Second Administrative Level Boundaries (SALB), UN Geospatial / UN Statistics Divisionun.salb.admsalb.un.org
SALB Terms of Use (2021). Copyright vested in the United Nations; "The SALB Data may be used…SALB Terms of Use (2021). Copyright vested in the United Nations; "The SALB Data may be used for only non-commercial purposes"; users are prohibited from changing the geometry or content without consent of the Contributor; derived products must credit "from SALB Data, United Nations" and the Contributor; access is revocable and non-transferable.
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
UN Geodata country boundaries (UN Geospatial BNDA, the basis of the UN Clear Map)un.geodata.bndawww.un.org
Terms of Use of the UN Geodata: designed for the production of maps for the UN Secretariat;…Terms of Use of the UN Geodata: designed for the production of maps for the UN Secretariat; Outside Users may use the Data only for the purpose identified by the Geospatial Information Section; "Under no circumstances may the Data be used for commercial purposes"; the UN must be recognised as the source unless the data is altered or combined.
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb States and Counties (TIGER/Line geography)us.census.tigerweb.admtigerweb.geo.census.govLicenseRef-US-Government-WorkLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Statistics Canada 2021 Census Cartographic Boundary Files (provinces and territories, census divisions, census subdivisions)ca.statcan.boundary-filesgeo.statcan.gc.ca
Open Government Licence - Canada, version 2.0 (open.canada.ca record "2021 Census - Boundary…Open Government Licence - Canada, version 2.0 (open.canada.ca record "2021 Census - Boundary files", license_id ca-ogl-lgo; the service description states "Use Limitation: Open Government Licence - Canada"). Worldwide, royalty-free, perpetual, non-exclusive licence to copy, modify, publish, translate, adapt, distribute or otherwise use the Information, including for commercial purposes, on condition that the source is acknowledged ("Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada") and no official status or endorsement is implied. Approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-goc-ogl-canada-boundaries).
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
INSPIRE Administrative Units (EU Member State national mapping and cadastral agencies)eu.inspire.auinspire.ec.europa.eu
Set per Member State dataset (no single licence). Each national dataset needs its own licence…Set per Member State dataset (no single licence). Each national dataset needs its own licence check before it can be admitted.
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
ISO 3166-1 country codes and ISO 3166-2 subdivision codes (International Organization for Standardization)iso.3166www.iso.org
ISO copyright. ISO's help centre: purchased Country Codes "can be downloaded to your database…ISO copyright. ISO's help centre: purchased Country Codes "can be downloaded to your database and used in order to implement the standard ISO 3166. However, selling them to others and further reproduction is not permitted."
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Unicode CLDR subdivision ids and names (ISO 3166-2 based)unicode.cldr.subdivisionsgithub.comUnicode-3.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
UN Statistics Division, Standard country or area codes for statistical use (M49)unsd.m49unstats.un.orgUnited Nations terms of use (code list; attribution)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
GADM database of Global Administrative Areasgadm.boundariesgadm.orgGADM licence (free for academic and other non-commercial use; commercial use not allowed without permission)PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
World Bank Open Data (Indicators API v2, World Development Indicators and other catalogue datasets)worldbank.open-dataapi.worldbank.orgCC-BY-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Eurostat dissemination API (SDMX 2.1 / JSON-stat statistics)eurostat.disseminationec.europa.euCC-BY-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
OECD Data Explorer SDMX APIoecd.data-explorersdmx.oecd.orgCC-BY-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
UNdata (United Nations Statistics Division data portal)un.datadata.un.orgUNdata terms of use (free of charge; may be copied and redistributed provided UNdata is cited as the reference)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
GBIF occurrence API and downloads (Global Biodiversity Information Facility)gbif.occurrenceapi.gbif.orgPer-dataset CC0 1.0, CC BY 4.0 or CC BY-NC 4.0 (set by each data publisher)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
ERA5 reanalysis via the Copernicus Climate Data Store (C3S / ECMWF)ecmwf.era5.cdscds.climate.copernicus.euCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA NWS National Hurricane Center active storms, forecast tracks and cones (Atlantic, East and Central Pacific)noaa.nhc.tropical-cycloneswww.nhc.noaa.gov
U.S. Government work (NOAA NWS National Hurricane Center), public domain per the NHC…U.S. Government work (NOAA NWS National Hurricane Center), public domain per the NHC disclaimer; approved by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-noaa-nhc-nws-spc)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA NCEI Access Data Service (climate observations and archives)noaa.ncei.accesswww.ncei.noaa.govU.S. Government work (public domain) except datasets that carry their own restrictions (e.g. some non-U.S. station data)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
NASA Earthdata Common Metadata Repository (CMR) searchnasa.earthdata.cmrcmr.earthdata.nasa.govNASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Alaska Satellite Facility DAAC (ASF) data pool downloadsnasa.earthdata.daac.asfasf.alaska.edu
NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as…NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as stated on the NASA Earthdata open data policy page; per-collection terms not reviewed
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Land Processes DAAC (LP DAAC, USGS EROS) on-premises data pool downloadsnasa.earthdata.daac.lpdaaclpdaac.usgs.gov
NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as…NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as stated on the NASA Earthdata open data policy page; per-collection terms not reviewed
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC (NSIDC) downloadsnasa.earthdata.daac.nsidcnsidc.org
NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as…NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as stated on the NASA Earthdata open data policy page; per-collection terms not reviewed
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Oak Ridge National Laboratory DAAC (ORNL DAAC) downloadsnasa.earthdata.daac.ornldaac.ornl.gov
NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as…NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as stated on the NASA Earthdata open data policy page; per-collection terms not reviewed
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Physical Oceanography DAAC (PO.DAAC, JPL) tool and OPeNDAP hostsnasa.earthdata.daac.podaacpodaac.jpl.nasa.gov
NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as…NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as stated on the NASA Earthdata open data policy page; per-collection terms not reviewed
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) on-premises hostsnasa.earthdata.daac.gesdiscdisc.gsfc.nasa.gov
NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as…NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested), as stated on the NASA Earthdata open data policy page; per-collection terms not reviewed
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
EM-DAT international disaster database (CRED, UCLouvain)emdat.credwww.emdat.beEM-DAT terms of use (registration required; free for non-commercial use; commercial use needs a CRED licence)PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
NOAA National Weather Service API active alerts (CAP v1.2 as GeoJSON)noaa.nws.alertsapi.weather.gov
U.S. Government work (NOAA National Weather Service), public domain per the NWS disclaimer;…U.S. Government work (NOAA National Weather Service), public domain per the NWS disclaimer; approved by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-noaa-nhc-nws-spc)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA National Weather Service API points metadata and gridpoint forecastsnoaa.nws.pointsapi.weather.gov
U.S. Government work (NOAA National Weather Service), public domain per the NWS disclaimer;…U.S. Government work (NOAA National Weather Service), public domain per the NWS disclaimer; approved by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-noaa-nhc-nws-spc)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA NWS Storm Prediction Center convective outlooks (GeoJSON) and preliminary storm reports (CSV)noaa.spc.productswww.spc.noaa.gov
U.S. Government work (NOAA NWS Storm Prediction Center), public domain per the NWS disclaimer;…U.S. Government work (NOAA NWS Storm Prediction Center), public domain per the NWS disclaimer; approved by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-noaa-nhc-nws-spc)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
MET Norway Locationforecast 2.0 (api.met.no point forecasts)metno.locationforecastapi.met.noCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET) v3 eventsnasa.eonet.eventseonet.gsfc.nasa.gov
NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; acknowledgement…NASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; acknowledgement requested); EONET metadata is subject to the EONET disclaimer; event source links keep their own terms; approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-open-weather-sources)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) Open Data server (opendata.dwd.de)dwd.opendataopendata.dwd.deCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Environment and Climate Change Canada MSC GeoMet (OGC API / WMS) and MSC Datamarteccc.geometapi.weather.gc.ca
Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence (the licence page does not…Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence (the licence page does not name the Open Government Licence - Canada); approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-open-weather-sources)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
ECMWF open data (IFS and AIFS real-time forecasts)ecmwf.open-datadata.ecmwf.intCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Copernicus Emergency Management Service rapid mapping activations and productscopernicus.ems.rapid-mappingrapidmapping.emergency.copernicus.eu
Copernicus free, full and open data policy (Delegated Regulation (EU) 1159/2013, Regulation…Copernicus free, full and open data policy (Delegated Regulation (EU) 1159/2013, Regulation (EU) 377/2014; the EMS terms page now cites Regulation (EU) 2021/696); approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-owner-top-sources)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
GloFAS global flood forecasts and reanalysis (CEMS-Floods, Early Warning Data Store)copernicus.glofasewds.climate.copernicus.eu
CEMS-FLOODS datasets licence (rev. 1); approved with conditions by the repository owner on…CEMS-FLOODS datasets licence (rev. 1); approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-owner-top-sources)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
JRC global river flood hazard maps (flood depth by return period, European Commission JRC)jrc.global-river-flood-hazard-mapsdata.jrc.ec.europa.eu
Not recorded in the repository; the release-specific terms (JRC Data Catalogue record or the…Not recorded in the repository; the release-specific terms (JRC Data Catalogue record or the CEMS-Floods distribution) must be confirmed by Legal/IP per release
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
WRI Aqueduct Floods hazard maps (riverine and coastal inundation depth by return period and scenario)wri.aqueduct-floodswww.wri.orgNot recorded in the repository; WRI dataset terms for the Aqueduct Floods release must be confirmed by Legal/IPLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
WRI Aqueduct 4.0 Water Risk Atlas indicators (baseline water stress and related sub-basin indicators; baseline and SSP projections)wri.aqueduct-4.0-water-risk-atlaswww.wri.org
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International as stated in the Aqueduct FAQ…Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International as stated in the Aqueduct FAQ (https://www.wri.org/aqueduct/faq, retrieved 2026-10-12: the Aqueduct 4.0 database is licensed under the "Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License"); the data page lists only "Creative Commons". Not confirmed by Legal/IP
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas (WDPCA, formerly WDPA) via Protected Planet (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN)unep-wcmc.wdpawww.protectedplanet.net
Protected Planet terms of use (https://www.protectedplanet.net/en/legal, retrieved 2026-10-12):…Protected Planet terms of use (https://www.protectedplanet.net/en/legal, retrieved 2026-10-12): the materials and derived works may not be put to Commercial Use without the prior written permission of UNEP-WCMC (commercial use covers use by, for or to inform a for-profit entity and revenue generation by individuals or non-profits; UNEP-WCMC decides what is commercial; commercial users are referred to IBAT); no redistribution or sub-licensing of the data, including within derived works, without permission
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
World Database of Key Biodiversity Areas (BirdLife International on behalf of the KBA Partnership)birdlife.kbawww.keybiodiversityareas.org
KBA terms of service (https://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/termsofservice, retrieved…KBA terms of service (https://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/termsofservice, retrieved 2026-10-12): KBA data may not be used for Commercial Use (use by, on behalf of, or to inform or assist a commercial entity, or revenue generation by individuals or non-profits) without the prior written approval of the KBA Secretariat; KBA Partners license commercial use through IBAT; no reposting, sublicensing, resale or redistribution, including within derivative works, without written permission; non-commercial conservation, education, scientific analysis and research use permitted without prior permission
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
CHIRPS quasi-global gridded precipitation (UC Santa Barbara Climate Hazards Center)ucsb-chc.chirpswww.chc.ucsb.edu
Copyright waiver stated on https://www.chc.ucsb.edu/data/chirps (retrieved 2026-10-12): "To the…Copyright waiver stated on https://www.chc.ucsb.edu/data/chirps (retrieved 2026-10-12): "To the extent possible under the law, Pete Peterson has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to CHIRPS. CHIRPS data is in the public domain as registered with Creative Commons." (a CC0-style waiver; SPDX identifier not confirmed by Legal/IP)
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
GEM Global Seismic Hazard Map (PGA for a stated probability of exceedance, Global Earthquake Model Foundation)gem.global-seismic-hazard-mapwww.globalquakemodel.org
Not recorded in the repository; the plan records GEM hazard products as expected non-commercial…Not recorded in the repository; the plan records GEM hazard products as expected non-commercial (human gate G2); terms must be confirmed by Legal/IP
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
NOAA Multi-Radar/Multi-Sensor System (MRMS) on AWS (NOAA Open Data Dissemination)noaa.mrms.awsnoaa-mrms-pds.s3.amazonaws.com
U.S. Government work, public domain; NOAA Open Data Dissemination ("open to the public and can…U.S. Government work, public domain; NOAA Open Data Dissemination ("open to the public and can be used as desired"); approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-owner-top-sources)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA GOES-16/18/19 ABI and GLM on AWS (NOAA Open Data Dissemination)noaa.goes.awsnoaa-goes19.s3.amazonaws.com
U.S. Government work, public domain; NOAA Open Data Dissemination ("open to the public and can…U.S. Government work, public domain; NOAA Open Data Dissemination ("open to the public and can be used as desired"); approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-owner-top-sources)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) on AWS (NOAA Open Data Dissemination)noaa.hrrr.awsnoaa-hrrr-bdp-pds.s3.amazonaws.com
U.S. Government work, public domain; NOAA Open Data Dissemination ("open to the public and can…U.S. Government work, public domain; NOAA Open Data Dissemination ("open to the public and can be used as desired"); approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-owner-top-sources)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
WMO Alert Hub / Register of Alerting Authorities CAP official alertswmo.cap.alert-hubalertingauthority.wmo.int
WMO Unified Data Policy (Resolution 1, Cg-Ext(2021)), free and unrestricted exchange, plus each…WMO Unified Data Policy (Resolution 1, Cg-Ext(2021)), free and unrestricted exchange, plus each issuing alerting authority's own terms; approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-owner-top-sources)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
USGS Water Data APIs (NWIS instantaneous and daily values, OGC API)usgs.waterdataapi.waterdata.usgs.gov
U.S. Public Domain (USGS information policy); approved with conditions by the repository owner…U.S. Public Domain (USGS information policy); approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-11 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-11-owner-top-sources)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL, European Commission JRC)jrc.ghsljeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.euCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
WorldPop gridded population and REST API (University of Southampton)worldpop.populationhub.worldpop.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
INFORM Risk Index (European Commission JRC, Disaster Risk Management Knowledge Centre)jrc.inform.riskdrmkc.jrc.ec.europa.euCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Statistics Canada Web Data Service (WDS) and 2021 Census Profile (SDMX API, CSD / DA level)statcan.wds-censuswww150.statcan.gc.ca
Statistics Canada Open Licence (statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence, date modified…Statistics Canada Open Licence (statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence, date modified 2025-07-10; no version number stated)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NRCan CanElevation High Resolution Digital Elevation Model (HRDEM, DTM / DSM; STAC and GeoTIFF)nrcan.canelevation.hrdemdatacube.services.geo.caOpen Government Licence - Canada 2.0 (stated on the open.canada.ca dataset record 957782bf-847c-4644-a757-e383c0057995)APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NRCan Flood Hazard Identification and Mapping Program (FHIMP) flood hazard datanrcan.flood-hazard-mappingnatural-resources.canada.ca
Not stated on the FHIMP programme page (retrieved 2026-10-11); NRCan open.canada.ca records use…Not stated on the FHIMP programme page (retrieved 2026-10-11); NRCan open.canada.ca records use the Open Government Licence - Canada 2.0, but provincial and municipal flood maps produced with FHIMP funding may carry their own licences. Per-dataset check required.
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
City of Toronto Open Data portal (CKAN API)toronto.open-datackan0.cf.opendata.inter.prod-toronto.caOpen Government Licence - Toronto 1.0 (open.toronto.ca/open-data-licence, retrieved 2026-10-11)APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Ontario Data Catalogue (data.ontario.ca, CKAN API)ontario.data-cataloguedata.ontario.caOpen Government Licence - Ontario 1.0 (ontario.ca/page/open-government-licence-ontario, retrieved 2026-10-11)APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenStreetMap Foundation standard tile server, BLOCKED for Nexusosm.tiles.osmf-standardoperations.osmfoundation.orgODbL-1.0PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
OpenStreetMap US community tile service (default tiles of the OSM Americana style), BLOCKED for Nexusosm-us.tile-servicetiles.openstreetmap.usODbL-1.0PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
OSM Americana map style (CC0 style code, drawn on the self-hosted OpenMapTiles archive)osm.americana.stylegithub.comCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenMapTiles vector tile schema and cartographic designopenmaptiles.schemagithub.comCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Shortbread vector tile schema (VersaTiles basemap schema)shortbread.schemashortbread-tiles.orgCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Protomaps basemap daily planet builds (PMTiles, ODbL produced work), copied to Nexus storageprotomaps.basemap.daily-buildsmaps.protomaps.comODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Protomaps hosted Tile API, BLOCKED (commercial use requires paid sponsorship)protomaps.api.hostedprotomaps.comODbL-1.0PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
MapLibre demo tiles and style, BLOCKED (demo / CI set containing CC BY-NC-SA imagery)maplibre.demotilesgithub.comLicenseRef-Mixed-Including-CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
Overture Maps base theme (land, water, land use, infrastructure; GeoParquet, ODbL family)overture.basedocs.overturemaps.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Overture Maps transportation theme (segments, connectors; GeoParquet, ODbL family)overture.transportationdocs.overturemaps.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Overture Maps divisions theme (administrative divisions and boundaries; GeoParquet, ODbL family)overture.divisionsdocs.overturemaps.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Overture Maps addresses theme, BLOCKED until a per-source licence gate existsoverture.addressesdocs.overturemaps.orgPer-source ("All carry permissive open licenses. Some have special terms or require attribution."); not uniformLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Overture official PMTiles (overturemaps-extras bucket), BLOCKED for production by the publisheroverture.pmtiles.inspectiondocs.overturemaps.orgLicenseRef-Overture-Per-ThemePROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
Natural Earth vector and raster data, all scales (1:10m, 1:50m, 1:110m), bundled same-originnaturalearth.all-scaleswww.naturalearthdata.comLicenseRef-Public-Domain-Natural-EarthAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Microsoft Global ML Building Footprints (permissive family)microsoft.global-ml-building-footprintsgithub.comCDLA-Permissive-2.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Google Open Buildings v3 polygons (used under CC BY 4.0, permissive family)google.open-buildings.v3sites.research.googleCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Google Open Buildings 2.5D Temporal dataset, BLOCKED (licence not stated on the retrieved page)google.open-buildings.temporalsites.research.googleLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
GEBCO global bathymetric grid (self-hosted bathymetry / hillshade tiles)gebco.gridwww.gebco.netLicenseRef-Public-Domain-GEBCOAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenAerialMap / Open Imagery Network imagery (per-image COGs, CC BY 4.0)openaerialmap.oinopenaerialmap.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
EOxCloudless / Sentinel-2 cloudless mosaics (all years), BLOCKED (commercial use needs an EOX licence)eox.sentinel2-cloudlesscloudless.eox.atLicenseRef-EOX-Commercial-Attribution-RestrictedUse-1.2PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
Mapzen / AWS Terrain Tiles (Terrarium, multi-source), BLOCKED (EU-DEM component licence not stated)aws.terrain-tiles.mapzenregistry.opendata.awsLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
OpenSeaMap seamark chart tiles, BLOCKED (no tile usage policy published; render seamarks from the OSM planet instead)openseamap.chart-tileswiki.openstreetmap.orgCC-BY-SA-2.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
OpenRailwayMap tile servers, BLOCKED for for-profit use by the operatoropenrailwaymap.tileswiki.openstreetmap.orgCC-BY-SA-2.0PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
Wikimedia Maps tile service, BLOCKED (Wikimedia projects only)wikimedia.maps.tilesfoundation.wikimedia.orgODbL-1.0PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
Who's On First gazetteer, BLOCKED until a per-source licence gate existswhosonfirst.gazetteerwhosonfirst.org
Per-source (CC BY 2.5 / 3.0 / 4.0, CC0, MPL-2.0, Open Government Licences, custom terms, some…Per-source (CC BY 2.5 / 3.0 / 4.0, CC0, MPL-2.0, Open Government Licences, custom terms, some sources with no licence link)
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
OpenAddresses aggregated address data, BLOCKED until a per-source licence gate existsopenaddresses.globalgithub.comPer-source; the data "is not relicensed from the original sources" and "Individual sources will have their own licenses"LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
GeoNames gazetteer (daily dumps, self-hosted)geonames.gazetteerwww.geonames.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
USGS The National Map basemap services and data (US public domain)usgs.national-mapwww.usgs.govLicenseRef-US-Public-DomainAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Copernicus Land Monitoring Service products (CORINE, high-resolution layers, global land products)copernicus.clms.landland.copernicus.euLicenseRef-Copernicus-Data-PolicyAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
IMF data services (DataMapper, SDMX: WEO/IFS)imf.datadata.imf.org"IMF terms — attribution required" (adapter string; terms version not recorded)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
WHO Global Health Observatory (OData API)who.ghowww.who.int"WHO CC BY-NC-SA / terms" (adapter string; not verified)PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
FAOSTAT statistical databasefao.faostatwww.fao.org
CC BY 4.0 unless the dataset metadata states otherwise; third-party series excluded (FAO…CC BY 4.0 unless the dataset metadata states otherwise; third-party series excluded (FAO database terms of use, https://www.fao.org/contact-us/terms/db-terms-of-use/en/, read 2026-10-19); the earlier adapter string read CC BY-NC-SA
PROHIBITEDPROHIBITED
UNHCR Refugee Data Finder APIunhcr.refugee-statisticswww.unhcr.org"CC BY 4.0" (adapter string; not verified)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
ACLED Armed Conflict Location & Event Dataacled.eventsacleddata.com
ACLED End User License Agreement (EULA), "Last Updated 8 July 2025" (retrieved 2026-10-12; not…ACLED End User License Agreement (EULA), "Last Updated 8 July 2025" (retrieved 2026-10-12; not an open licence and not yet reviewed by Legal/IP)
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (GED) and Candidate Events (Uppsala Conflict Data Program, Uppsala University)ucdp.geducdp.uu.seCC-BY-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
DesInventar disaster loss databases (UNDRR)undrr.desinventarwww.desinventar.net"DesInventar / UNDRR terms / fixture metadata" (connector string)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
IPC Integrated Food Security Phase Classificationipc.classificationwww.ipcinfo.org"IPC public" (connector string; terms not recorded)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
FEWS NET Famine Early Warning Systems Network datafewsnet.datafews.net"FEWS NET terms / fixture metadata" (connector string)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
NGFS climate scenarios (IIASA NGFS Scenario Explorer)ngfs.scenariosdata.ece.iiasa.ac.atNot recorded in the repository; scenario-explorer terms must be recorded by Legal/IP per phaseLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
JRC global flood depth-damage functions (Huizinga, de Moel, Szewczyk 2017, EUR 28552 EN)jrc.global-flood-depth-damagepublications.jrc.ec.europa.eu
Not recorded in the repository; the report and its database are JRC publications whose reuse…Not recorded in the repository; the report and its database are JRC publications whose reuse terms (EC legal notice or a dataset-specific licence) must be confirmed by Legal/IP
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities, Revision 5 (ISIC Rev.5), United Nations Statistics Divisionun.isic-rev5unstats.un.org
United Nations publication; reuse terms not recorded in the repository. The UN website terms of…United Nations publication; reuse terms not recorded in the repository. The UN website terms of use page (un.org) could not be retrieved when this row was written (HTTP 403), so no licence text was read. Legal/IP must record the UN terms of use and any ISIC-specific copyright statement
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Earth Index embeddings (Earth Genome; SoftCon, 384-d, Sentinel-2 annual mosaics, GeoParquet points)earthgenome.earth-index.embeddingssource.coopCC-BY-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Panoramax street-level pictures (federated instances; per-picture licence)panoramax.street-level.picturesapi.panoramax.xyzPer picture as stated by the originating instance (etalab-2.0 or CC-BY-SA-4.0 observed 2026-10-12)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Mapillary street-level images (Graph API v4)mapillary.street-level.imageswww.mapillary.comCC-BY-SA-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
NASA ICESat-2 ATLAS products ATL03, ATL06 and ATL08 (NSIDC DAAC)nasa.icesat2.atlasnsidc.orgNASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
NASA GEDI footprint products L2A, L2B (LP DAAC) and L4A (ORNL DAAC)nasa.gedi.footprintsgedi.umd.eduNASA Earth Science Data and Information Policy (full and open sharing; citation requested)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
NOAA GFS forecast (global 0.25 degree, 0-16 day) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.2.7)dynamical.noaa-gfs-forecastdynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA GFS analysis (global 0.25 degree, hourly) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.1.0)dynamical.noaa-gfs-analysisdynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA GEFS ensemble forecast (global, 31 members, 0-35 day) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.2.0)dynamical.noaa-gefs-forecast-35-daydynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA GEFS analysis (global 0.25 degree) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.1.2)dynamical.noaa-gefs-analysisdynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA HRRR forecast (CONUS 3 km, 0-48 hour) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.1.0)dynamical.noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hourdynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA HRRR analysis (CONUS 3 km, hourly) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.2.0)dynamical.noaa-hrrr-analysisdynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA MRMS CONUS hourly precipitation analysis (0.01 degree) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.3.0)dynamical.noaa-mrms-conus-analysis-hourlydynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
ECMWF IFS ENS forecast (global 0.25 degree, 51 members, 0-15 day) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.1.0)dynamical.ecmwf-ifs-ens-forecast-15-day-0-25-degreedynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
ECMWF AIFS Single forecast (global 0.25 degree, 0-15 day) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.1.0)dynamical.ecmwf-aifs-single-forecastdynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
DWD ICON-EU forecast (Europe, 0-5 day) via dynamical.org (Zarr v0.2.0)dynamical.dwd-icon-eu-forecast-5-daydynamical.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
CelesTrak GP orbital element sets (OMM JSON) for the Maps satellite layercelestrak.gp.elementscelestrak.orgCelesTrak usage policy (free public GP data; attribution to CelesTrak; one download per group per 2-hour update cycle)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
SGP4 verification element sets and reference states (Vallado, Crawford, Hujsak, Kelso, AIAA 2006-6753)aiaa-2006-6753.sgp4-verificationcelestrak.orgPublished verification data accompanying the AIAA 2006-6753 paper; no explicit licence statedLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
USGS Earthquake Hazards Program GeoJSON summary feeds for the Maps live earthquake layerusgs.earthquake.summary-feedsearthquake.usgs.gov
U.S. Government work (public domain); USGS asks that it be acknowledged as the source; approved…U.S. Government work (public domain); USGS asks that it be acknowledged as the source; approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-20 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-20-owner-hex-coherence, adopting the KEEP decision in docs/legal/LICENCE_DECISIONS_AND_AUDIT_2026-10-19.md)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
USGS ShakeMap event products (grid.xml MMI / PGA grid and MMI contours) for live event response and exposure accumulationusgs.shakemap.event-productsearthquake.usgs.gov
U.S. Government work (public domain); USGS asks that it be acknowledged as the source; approved…U.S. Government work (public domain); USGS asks that it be acknowledged as the source; approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-16 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-16-owner-hex-integrations)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NOAA NHC / CPHC tropical cyclone advisory GIS (active storms, wind swath, forecast wind radii, forecast cone) for live event responsenoaa.nhc.advisory-giswww.nhc.noaa.gov
U.S. Government work (NOAA/NWS), public domain; not to be modified and presented as official…U.S. Government work (NOAA/NWS), public domain; not to be modified and presented as official government material; no endorsement implied; approved with conditions by the repository owner on 2026-10-16 (legal/registers/legal-approvals.yaml#LA-2026-10-16-owner-hex-integrations)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NASA FIRMS near-real-time active fire detections (area API, VIIRS / MODIS) for the Maps live fire layernasa.firms.area-active-firesfirms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov
NASA Earth science data and information policy (no restriction on use; citation requested);…NASA Earth science data and information policy (no restriction on use; citation requested); FIRMS transaction limits per MAP_KEY
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
GTFS-Realtime vehicle positions from feeds registered by an administrator (per agency) for the Maps transit layergtfs-rt.tenant-registered-vehicle-positionsgtfs.orgPer agency feed licence (recorded in the Geo Provider Registry licence acknowledgement note for each feed)LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Fintraffic Digitraffic marine AIS positions and vessel metadata (Finnish AIS reporting area) for the Maps live vessel layerfintraffic.digitraffic.marine-aiswww.digitraffic.fiCC-BY-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Fintraffic Digitraffic road weather camera stations and preset images for the Maps live traffic camera layerfintraffic.digitraffic.road-weathercamwww.digitraffic.fiCC-BY-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
IGN LiDAR HD classified point clouds (France; COPC LAZ, Lambert-93, IGN69 heights)ign.lidar-hd.point-cloudswww.data.gouv.fretalab-2.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
USGS 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) LiDAR as Entwine Point Tiles (AWS Open Data, usgs-lidar-public)usgs.3dep.eptregistry.opendata.awsLicenseRef-US-Government-Public-DomainLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland AHN5 point clouds (LAZ per map sheet, RD New + NAP, EPSG:7415)ahn.ahn5.point-cloudswww.ahn.nlCC0-1.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Fields of the World global field boundaries (PRUE model predictions on Sentinel-2, GeoParquet partitioned by country)ftw.global-field-boundariessource.coopCC-BY-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Public GIS portal directory (US federal, 50 states + DC, cities, counties, regional bodies; HUB Ocean Ocean Data Platform)gis-portal-directoryplatform/source-registry/gis-portal-directory.yamlNOASSERTIONLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
GTFS Schedule (static) transit feeds uploaded by a workspace or read from a registered agency feed URL, for the transit feed registry and transit plansgtfs-static.tenant-registered-schedule-feedsgtfs.org
Per agency feed licence, declared by the registering tenant per feed version (SPDX id or terms…Per agency feed licence, declared by the registering tenant per feed version (SPDX id or terms URL) and recorded with its attribution text
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Open-Meteo weather and flood API data (forecast, archived forecasts, GloFAS river discharge)open-meteo.weather-flood-dataopen-meteo.comCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSPROHIBITED
NASA GIBS WMTS imagery (EPSG:4326) for the Water Nexus mapnasa.gibs.water-layersgibs.earthdata.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
GPM IMERG precipitation rate (daily and half-hourly, near real time) via NASA GIBSnasa.gpm.imerggpm.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
VIIRS near-real-time products via NASA GIBS: Global Flood Product (3-day), land surface temperature, NDSI snow cover, corrected reflectancenasa.lance.viirs-waterwww.earthdata.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
SMAP Level 4 analysed soil moisture (surface, root zone) and snow mass via NASA GIBSnasa.smap.l4nsidc.orgCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
GHRSST MUR sea surface temperature anomaly (MUR25) and sea ice concentration (MUR) via NASA GIBSnasa.podaac.ghrsst-murpodaac.jpl.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
GRACE and GRACE-FO JPL mascon liquid water equivalent thickness anomaly (monthly) via NASA GIBSnasa.podaac.grace-fo-mascongrace.jpl.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
GLDAS Noah land surface model underground soil moisture (monthly) via NASA GIBSnasa.gesdisc.gldasldas.gsfc.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NASA Blue Marble shaded relief and bathymetry (static composite) via NASA GIBSnasa.earth-observatory.blue-marbleearthobservatory.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003 greyscale shaded relief via NASA GIBSnasa-meti.aster-gdem-v3doi.orgCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NASA GIBS WMTS imagery (EPSG:4326) for the Energy, Food, Health and Biodiversity Nexus mapsnasa.gibs.field-layersgibs.earthdata.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NASA GIBS reference layers (Coastlines, Reference_Features, Reference_Labels), OpenStreetMap-derived, EPSG:3857nasa.gibs.reference-osmgibs.earthdata.nasa.govODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
VIIRS Black Marble night-time lights (daily VNP46A2 gap-filled radiance; 2016 composite) via NASA GIBSnasa.laads.black-marbleblackmarble.gsfc.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
FIRMS VIIRS 375 m active fires and thermal anomalies (near real time, vector tiles) via NASA GIBSnasa.lance.firmsfirms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
MERRA-2 reanalysis monthly incident shortwave over land and dust surface PM2.5 via NASA GIBSnasa.gmao.merra2gmao.gsfc.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
MODIS and VIIRS atmosphere products (aerosol optical depth, cloud fraction) via NASA GIBSnasa.modis-viirs.atmospherewww.earthdata.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
MODIS land products (NDVI, EVI, gross primary production, IGBP land cover) via NASA GIBSnasa.modis-viirs.landlpdaac.usgs.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OMI tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (Aura) and OMPS aerosol index (Suomi NPP) via NASA GIBSnasa.gesdisc.aura-omi-ompsdisc.gsfc.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
MODIS Aqua ocean colour chlorophyll-a (Level 2) via NASA GIBSnasa.obdaac.ocean-coloroceancolor.gsfc.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
WRI Global Power Plant Database v1.3.0 (2021) for the Energy Nexus mapwri.global-power-plant-databasedatasets.wri.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
WRI Aqueduct 4.0 baseline water risk (2023 release) summarised to hexagons for the Water and Food Nexus mapswri.aqueduct-4www.wri.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
SEDAC Gridded Population of the World v4.11 population density (2020) via NASA GIBS for the Health Nexus mapsedac.gpw-v4doi.orgCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NASA GIBS WMTS imagery (EPSG:3857) for the live, observed and reference layers of the public context mapsnasa.gibs.context-live-layersgibs.earthdata.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NASA SEDAC settlement and urban heat layers via NASA GIBS (HBASE 2010, urban expansion to 2030, urban heat island 2013)sedac.context-urban-layersgibs.earthdata.nasa.govCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenStreetMap-derived place names and borders rendered by NASA GIBS (Reference_Labels_15m)osm.gibs-reference-labelsgibs.earthdata.nasa.govODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Open-Meteo free API on the three non-profit public sites (forecast ensemble, air quality, flood, marine, ERA5 archive)open-meteo.public-pagesopen-meteo.comCC-BY-4.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSPROHIBITED
NASA POWER daily point meteorology and solar data (public context maps)nasa.powerpower.larc.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalogue (JSON and CSV feeds) for the Technology and Digital Systems faculty incident timelinecisa.kev-cataloguewww.cisa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
TeleGeography Submarine Cable Map geocoded cable and landing-station data (not licensed; recorded so it is not used by accident)telegeography.submarine-cable-mapwww.submarinecablemap.com
Underlying geocoded data: paid annual licence only ('With an annual license, you can use these…Underlying geocoded data: paid annual licence only ('With an annual license, you can use these data sets for interactive maps, data visualizations, and more', https://www2.telegeography.com/license-geocoded-map-data; 'Access to the underlying databases remains restricted to paying subscribers', https://www2.telegeography.com/cite-telegeography-map, both read 2026-10-17). Public map images: 'Any reference to a TeleGeography map, URL, or any related screen capture' is CC BY-SA 4.0 with credit; 'TeleGeography's interactive cable map is not an embeddable resource' (same page).
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
OpenStreetMap submarine and terrestrial communication cables (communication=line features), build-time extract for the Technology and Digital Systems faculty twinosm.submarine-cableswww.openstreetmap.orgODbL-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
United Nations Treaty Collection (treaties.un.org): status of multilateral treaties deposited with the Secretary-General and treaty membership (not admitted; UN terms)un.treaty-collectiontreaties.un.org
Terms and Conditions of Use of United Nations Web Sites…Terms and Conditions of Use of United Nations Web Sites (https://www.un.org/en/about-us/terms-of-use, linked from the treaties.un.org footer, read 2026-10-17): permission to download and copy materials is 'for the User's personal, non-commercial use, without any right to resell or redistribute them or to compile or create derivative works therefrom' without permission; UN copyright notice (https://www.un.org/en/about-us/copyright, read 2026-10-17): 'All rights reserved' and no material 'may be used, reproduced or transmitted ... except as provided for in the Terms and Conditions of Use of United Nations Web Sites, without permission in writing from the publisher'
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDPROHIBITED
UNdata (United Nations Statistics Division data portal) series on the Risk Academy non-profit public pagesun.data.public-pagesdata.un.org
UNdata terms of use (https://data.un.org/Host.aspx?Content=UNdataUse, read 2026-10-17): 'All…UNdata terms of use (https://data.un.org/Host.aspx?Content=UNdataUse, read 2026-10-17): 'All data and metadata provided on UNdata's website are available free of charge' and 'may be copied freely, duplicated and further distributed provided that UNdata is cited as the reference'; no commercial or non-commercial distinction and no automated-access restriction stated on the page
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
NASA SEDAC Global Agricultural Lands: Croplands, 2000 (CIESIN_SEDAC_AGLANDS_CROP2000 v1.0) for the Systems and Nexus Studies faculty twinsedac.aglands-croplands-2000doi.org
NASA CMR use constraints for the collection…NASA CMR use constraints for the collection (https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/collections.umm_json?keyword=Global%20Agricultural%20Lands%20Croplands%202000, read 2026-10-17): 'Users are free to use, copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work for commercial and non-commercial purposes, without restriction, as long as clear attribution of the source is provided'; no LicenseURL or LicenseText field
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
USGS ShakeMap and PAGER event products (event detail GeoJSON, ShakeMap grid and MMI contours, PAGER alert level and exposure) on the Risk Academy non-profit public pagesusgs.shakemap-pager.public-pagesearthquake.usgs.gov
U.S. Government work, public domain ('USGS-authored or produced data and information are…U.S. Government work, public domain ('USGS-authored or produced data and information are considered to be in the U.S. Public Domain'; 'When using information from USGS information products, publications, or websites, we ask that proper credit be given', https://www.usgs.gov/information-policies-and-instructions/copyrights-and-credits, read 2026-10-17)
APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Terrain Tiles (Terrarium PNG, elevation-tiles-prod on the AWS Registry of Open Data) as the browser-direct 3D terrain and hillshade of the Risk Academy twin buildersaws.terrain-tiles.academy-publicelevation-tiles-prod.s3.amazonaws.comLicenseRef-Terrain-Tiles-Composite-OpenAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
NASA GIBS WMTS imagery (EPSG:3857) for the raster studio of the Risk Academy twin builders: true colour, sea surface temperature, land surface temperature, snow, sea ice, aerosols, night lights, precipitation, root-zone soil moisture, monthly air temperature and terrestrial water storagenasa.gibs.academy-engine-layersgibs.earthdata.nasa.govCC0-1.0APPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS) API (api.first.org) as a browser-direct input of the Risk Academy vulnerability triage generatorfirst.epss.academy-publicapi.first.orgLicenseRef-FIRST-EPSS-Free-UseAPPROVED_WITH_CONDITIONSALLOWED
OpenAlex scholarly graph (works, authors, institutions, sources, topics)openalex.worksopenalex.orgCC0-1.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Crossref REST API (bibliographic metadata of registered works)crossref.rest-apiapi.crossref.org
Bibliographic metadata, almost none of it subject to copyright, usable for any purpose; some…Bibliographic metadata, almost none of it subject to copyright, usable for any purpose; some abstracts may be subject to publisher or author copyright (crossref.org REST API documentation, read 2026-10-19)
LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Wikidata structured data (Query Service and dumps)wikidata.cc0www.wikidata.orgCC0-1.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED
Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) data via the Atmosphere Data Storecopernicus.cams.adsads.atmosphere.copernicus.euCC-BY-4.0LEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIREDLEGAL_REVIEW_REQUIRED

Data and licences

Geodata and API

Public API not live

/api/v1/public/grixhttps://risksindex.com/api/v1/public/grix

Developers · Data · Contribute

api.risksindex.com not live

UNI NS-1

NXS-<SCOPE>-<CAT>[-<DOMAIN>][-<SECTOR>][-<REGION>][-<ENV>]-<SERIAL>[@<VERSION>]https://nexustandards.com/uni/{uni}

UNIs are allocated by the Nexus Standards catalogue (NS1-R2), never typed by hand.

  • Maps and basemaps
    • Risk Observatory mapliveopen
    • Self-hosted vector basemapgatedpublic
    • Terrain and elevationgatedpublic
    • Administrative boundariestestedplatform
  • Vector tiles
    • GRIx risk product tilestestedpublic
    • Tenant risk product tilestestedenterprise
    • Hexagon lens tilestestedplatform
    • Tile enginesgatedplatform
  • Raster and imagery
    • Satellite imagery overlaysgatedopen
    • Cloud-optimised raster tilesgatedplatform
    • STAC mosaic tilesgatedplatform
    • Earth-observation datacubestestedplatform
  • Catalogues and standard APIs
    • STAC APIbuiltplatform
    • OGC API Processesbuiltplatform
    • OGC API DGGSbuiltplatform
    • 3D Tiles and point cloudsgatedplatform
  • Spatial science and GeoAI
    • Exposure on H3 cellstestedenterprise
    • Geostatistical interpolationtestedenterprise
    • Spatial autocorrelationbuiltenterprise
    • Spatially blocked validationtestedenterprise
    • Conflict exposure on H3 cellsbuiltenterprise
    • Change detection from imagerytestedplatform
    • GeoAI labellingbuiltplatform
    • Earth-observation foundation modelsgatedplatform
    • Spatial risk fieldsbuiltplatform
  • Live feeds and nowcasting
    • Natural eventsgatedopen
    • Earthquakesgatedopen
    • Precipitation and cloud nowcast imagerygatedopen
    • Nowcasting modelsplannedenterprise

People · GHSL 2025People · WorldPop 2025Built-up areaPortsAirportsRoadsRailwaysRivers and lake centrelines Made with Natural Earth, Public domain

Live

  • Natural events (NASA EONET)NASA EONET · 1 h
    –not loaded
    1. Earthquakes M4.5+, past week (USGS)U.S. Geological Survey · 5 min
      –not loaded

      Research and risk-analytics information: not a rating, an official classification, a warning, a benchmark or advice.

      09Questions

      Common questions about the Global Risks Forum.

      What does The Global Risks Forum do?
      GRF leads institutional dialogue and the governance of Universe, the annual programme of the Nexus Consortium. It convenes councils and dialogues through the year, sets the annual agenda with the other pillar institutions, decides within its instruments which missions the programme admits, and publishes the records of what was agreed and tested.
      Is GRF a conference or an events company?
      No. GRF is a Swiss association and public-good institution. Convening is one of its tools, but its work is year-round: councils, working groups, documented dialogues and the governance of an annual programme whose results are published with their limits. Events are announced only when a host, date and edition are on record.
      Does GRF regulate, fund or certify anything?
      No. GRF does not regulate, finance, procure, certify, underwrite, rate, invest or approve projects. Decisions remain with governments, operators and licensed institutions, and finance-readiness questions are led by The Global Risks Alliance (GRA). GRF has no contracting authority for GCRI Canada and claims no host-state privileges. It records no external status at present.
      How is GRF related to GCRI and GRA?
      They are three separate not-for-profit institutions that lead one programme. GCRI leads research, development and policy research and the Consortium Secretariat. GRF leads institutional dialogue and the Universe programme. GRA leads the finance, insurance and development-readiness interface.
      What is Universe, and where is its website?
      Universe is the annual operating, integration, exercise and learning programme: one year of work, one month to build, one week to test and a planned stand-down. It has its own website at universe.nexus. The one-day stage remains a planned stand-down until the annual programme records it, and review and corrections continue afterwards. The GRF gateway explains how GRF governs the programme.
      How can my institution take part today?
      Write to the Secretariat at the contact form or to your regional desk. The acknowledgement gives a reference and names the next step. An enquiry is not membership, and applications open only when their terms and review capacity are in place.
      Consortium Secretariat

      Prepare together, before a crisis tests you.

      The Secretariat confirms the right route, the scope of useful work and the conditions for any further step. An enquiry receives a reference; it does not create membership, an appointment or a commitment.

      Write to the Secretariat Find your pathway
      Take part

      Take part in the work.

      Start from who you are. Answer an open call. Or form and lead a competence cell.

      Route

      National institutions

      Ministries, statistics offices and agencies: a national desk and chapter, and a seat in the working groups. National chapters

      Route

      Sectors and professions

      Operators, regulators, banks, insurers and professional bodies whose work touches systemic risk. Participate

      Route

      Learning

      Courses and practice, with a record of every course completed. Free to study. Open learning

      Route

      Standards

      Draft, review and adopt the methods and data standards with the working groups. Working groups

      Route

      Communities and research

      Universities, civil society and individual experts: projects, data and review. Write to the team

      Latest

      All posts

      • Nexus Governance Council Architecture

        Nexus Governance Council Architecture is the public-good governance and leadership architecture through which The Global Risks Forum (GRF) helps organize Leadership Councils, Specialized Leadership Boards, public-good…

      • Nexus Consortium

        The defining challenge of the present century is not the existence of risk. Risk has always accompanied human development, ecological change, technological invention, industrial transformation, economic…

      • Japan Nexus Hub

        The Japan Nexus Hub, based in Tokyo, is the proposed East Asia coordination base for the Nexus Network.