Comparing emergency law
Declaration thresholds, powers, sunset clauses and review provisions are coded across countries so legislatures can see design options and their record.
GRF · 灾害与危机治理
Policy and institutional science studies how laws, mandates and organisations shape what governments do. In disaster and crisis governance it compares emergency law, coordination structures and recovery institutions across countries, and traces how lessons travel or stall between events.
Policy, institutional and decision science studies how public decisions are made, implemented and evaluated. It examines how institutions coordinate across sectors and levels of government when facing shared risks. In disaster and crisis and 关键基础设施, policy science identifies governance gaps where responsibility for cross-sector risk is unclear. It supports the design of mandates, coordination mechanisms and accountability. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.
Declaration thresholds, powers, sunset clauses and review provisions are coded across countries so legislatures can see design options and their record.
Recommendations from public inquiries are compared across events to identify findings that recur and the institutional reasons they were not acted on.
Plans and after-action reports are read to map which agency leads, coordinates and supports each function at each level of government.
团队遵循该方法时会使用的界面:其指标、状态与决策。名称为示例,数值仅作示意。
Crisis governance · Policy, institutional and decision · Run R-9545
稳健标准误
| Agencies with clear mandates | −0.37 | 0.19 | [−0.1, 0.7] | 否 |
| Warnings issued on time | 0.41 | 0.10 | [−0.5, 0.3] | 否 |
| Exercises held | −0.27 | 0.16 | [−0.5, 0.5] | 是 |
| After-action items closed | −0.35 | 0.10 | [−0.2, 0.7] | 否 |
三类工具在你设定的覆盖率和遵从率下与基线并列比较,每类都有自己的滞后和采用速度;效应大小是教学用数值,应以证据替换。情景:关于未来的具名假设,不是预测。
控制措施
读数
| 年份 | 基线 | 监管 | 经济激励 | 信息与能力 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 100.0 | 99.5 | 98.8 | 99.1 |
| 1 | 102.0 | 101.2 | 100.1 | 99.8 |
| 2 | 104.0 | 102.5 | 101.1 | 99.9 |
| 3 | 106.1 | 103.5 | 101.6 | 100.0 |
| 4 | 108.2 | 103.7 | 101.8 | 100.7 |
| 5 | 110.4 | 103.2 | 101.7 | 102.1 |
| 6 | 112.6 | 102.0 | 101.6 | 103.9 |
| 7 | 114.9 | 100.4 | 101.6 | 105.9 |
| 8 | 117.2 | 99.2 | 102.1 | 108.0 |
| 9 | 119.5 | 98.6 | 102.9 | 110.1 |
| 10 | 121.9 | 98.9 | 104.2 | 112.3 |
| 11 | 124.3 | 99.7 | 105.7 | 114.5 |
| 12 | 126.8 | 101.1 | 107.4 | 116.8 |
| 13 | 129.4 | 102.7 | 109.4 | 119.2 |
| 14 | 131.9 | 104.5 | 111.4 | 121.6 |
| 15 | 134.6 | 106.5 | 113.5 | 124.0 |
| 16 | 137.3 | 108.5 | 115.7 | 126.5 |
| 17 | 140.0 | 110.7 | 118.0 | 129.0 |
| 18 | 142.8 | 112.9 | 120.4 | 131.6 |
| 19 | 145.7 | 115.1 | 122.8 | 134.2 |
| 20 | 148.6 | 117.4 | 125.2 | 136.9 |
The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page’s map can draw:
贯穿六大支柱,由 Nexus Consortium 牵头
结论通过比较案例、反事实评估与同行评审加以检验。实施结果对照既定目标进行监测。
| 核查 | 如何开展 |
|---|---|
| 已说明案例遴选 | Comparisons state which countries and events were chosen and why |
| Source independence | Findings from self-reports are checked against independent reviews where available |
| 背景条件 | Lessons are stated with the conditions under which they held |
研究发现往往因情境而异,难以推广。政治动态可能压倒技术上更优的选项。
一项文书从授权到评估所经历的步骤,每一步都标明负责运行的支柱,以及仍由当局作出的决定。这是带有明示说明性数值的教学模型,不是预测。
贯穿六大支柱,由 Nexus Consortium 牵头
政策制定者、外交官或发展机构所使用的文书、授权、行为方和问责安排,并注明设定它们的协定。结构遵循所列框架。所绘制的任何状态或进展均为说明性,并非记录。
The kinds of instrument available on policy, institutional and decision science for disaster and crisis governance, by level of government and cooperation.
| 工具类型 | 地方 | 国家 | 区域 | 全球 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 监管型 | 分区、建筑规范 | 法律、标准、许可 | 统一规则 | 公约与条约 |
| 经济 | 地方税费、拨款 | 预算项目、税收、保险计划 | 风险池,区域基金 | 融资机制 |
| 信息 | 地方预警 | 披露、预警、统计 | 数据共享安排 | 全球监测与报告 |
| 制度型 | 地方委员会 | 牵头机构,协调理事会 | 区域机构与秘书处 | 多边授权 |
| 合作型 | 社区协议 | 伙伴关系契约 | 谅解备忘录与联合计划 | 协定与共同承诺 |
报告 is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
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