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GRF · Capital Nexus

面向资本治理的政策科学

Policy, institutional and decision science is the central method of this platform: it studies how mandates are written, how decision rights are allocated, how agreements are negotiated and how oversight works in practice. It turns frameworks such as PEFA, PIMA and the Common Framework into questions that ministries, parliaments and boards can examine.

01登记

关键事实。

方法记录STEM 方法
  1. 方法政策、制度与决策科学
  2. 管理者Policy Nexus
  3. 应用于Capital Nexus
  4. 规范页面STEM 公共资源
02申请

政策、制度与决策科学在此处的作用。

Policy, institutional and decision science studies how public decisions are made, implemented and evaluated. It examines how institutions coordinate across sectors and levels of government when facing shared risks. In development finance, sovereign and public finance and financial stability, policy science identifies governance gaps where responsibility for cross-sector risk is unclear. It supports the design of mandates, coordination mechanisms and accountability. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.

Mandate and decision-rights mapping

Laws, charters and agreements are read to record who may borrow, guarantee, invest, release contingent funds or restructure debt, and who must approve, so gaps and overlaps become visible.

Institutional assessment synthesis

PEFA, PIMA, DeMPA and fiscal transparency findings are compared across dimensions and over time, with each source’s date and scope kept beside it.

Comparative case study of agreements

Debt treatments, partnership frameworks and climate finance arrangements are compared across countries to show which procedural features recur where agreements held and where they stalled.

03监测

调查分析。

团队遵循该方法时会使用的界面:其指标、状态与决策。名称为示例,数值仅作示意。

调查分析

Capital governance · Policy science for capital · Run R-9821

估计值稳定GRF · Capital Nexus

估计值

稳健标准误

Projects screened for climate risk−0.310.12[−0.2, 0.4]否
公共投资效率0.780.14[−0.4, 0.9]否
Blended finance mobilised0.240.07[−0.2, 0.7]否
Country platforms active0.300.03[−0.5, 0.6]否

方法卡

方法
政策、制度与决策科学
样本
10,882 obs
设计
分层、加权
标签
模型估算

按组别的残差

Survey analysis: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Capital governance.示例名称和示意数值;是设计方案,并非记录或实时系统。
04数据

该方法使用的输入。

本平台上政策、制度与决策科学所使用的数据集与记录,注明各自的作用及其数值所附的标签。来源列于 来源登记册.

数据角色标签
Legislation, charters and regulatory textsMandates and decision rights已发布统计
Institutional assessment reportsComparable governance dimensions已发布统计
Budget documents and audit reportsImplementation against stated rules已发布统计
Case archives and negotiation recordsComparative analysis of agreements已报告
专家意见征询Where documentary evidence is absent估算
05政策情景

比较文书:规则、激励和信息。

三类工具在你设定的覆盖率和遵从率下与基线并列比较,每类都有自己的滞后和采用速度;效应大小是教学用数值,应以证据替换。情景:关于未来的具名假设,不是预测。

控制措施

结果的基线趋势
每年 2.0%
该工具的覆盖范围
70%
合规
75%
效应量,相对于教学取值
100%
未来年数
20 年

读数

期末时点降幅最大
监管
相对基线的降幅
21%
数字、方法与来源
年份基线监管经济激励信息与能力
0100.099.598.899.1
1102.0101.2100.199.8
2104.0102.5101.199.9
3106.1103.5101.6100.0
4108.2103.7101.8100.7
5110.4103.2101.7102.1
6112.6102.0101.6103.9
7114.9100.4101.6105.9
8117.299.2102.1108.0
9119.598.6102.9110.1
10121.998.9104.2112.3
11124.399.7105.7114.5
12126.8101.1107.4116.8
13129.4102.7109.4119.2
14131.9104.5111.4121.6
15134.6106.5113.5124.0
16137.3108.5115.7126.5
17140.0110.7118.0129.0
18142.8112.9120.4131.6
19145.7115.1122.8134.2
20148.6117.4125.2136.9

方法

  1. 政府工具 Hood (1983), The Tools of Government, Macmillan
  2. 胡萝卜、大棒与说教 Bemelmans-Videc, Rist and Vedung (1998), Transaction
  3. 创新扩散 Rogers (2003), Diffusion of Innovations, Free Press
  4. 不确定性扇形图(参数蒙特卡罗) Spiegelhalter, Pearson and Short (2011), Visualising uncertainty about the future, Science 333
  5. 单因素敏感性(龙卷风图) Saltelli and others (2008), Global Sensitivity Analysis: The Primer, Wiley

数据

The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page’s map can draw:

  • 边界 Natural Earth
  • 城市 Natural Earth
比较政策工具:规则、激励和信息。示意性教学模型:依据控件设定的数值运行,而非实测数据。方法:政府工具(Hood (1983), The Tools of Government, Macmillan);胡萝卜、大棒与说教(Bemelmans-Videc, Rist and Vedung (1998), Transaction);创新扩散(Rogers (2003), Diffusion of Innovations, Free Press)。
06验证

结果如何核查。

结论通过比较案例、反事实评估与同行评审加以检验。实施结果对照既定目标进行监测。

核查如何开展
来源三角验证Each institutional claim is checked against the legal text, an assessment and practice records before it is stated
Date and scope disciplineEvery assessment is cited with its fieldwork date and coverage, and stale evidence is flagged
Peer and practitioner reviewSyntheses are reviewed by practitioners from ministries, debt offices or audit institutions not involved in the work
Counterfactual reasoningClaims about what an institution changed are tested against comparable cases without the change

研究发现往往因情境而异,难以推广。政治动态可能压倒技术上更优的选项。

07实施

从授权到评估,按支柱划分。

一项文书从授权到评估所经历的步骤,每一步都标明负责运行的支柱,以及仍由当局作出的决定。这是带有明示说明性数值的教学模型,不是预测。

  1. 授权与问题界定 主管当局(计划之外)
    主管当局依其自身规则界定问题和授权。 Howlett、Ramesh 和 Perl(2009)
  2. 证据与系统模型 Foundry
    对系统及其反馈、数据和已说明的局限进行建模。 OECD (2014),原则 2
  3. 在情景下评估备选方案 Foundry
    在情景下比较各项政策工具,并显示不确定性。 Hood (1983)
  4. 与利益相关方演练 宇宙
    在演练中与将实施和承担这些方案的各方一起检验方案。 OECD(2014),原则 3
  5. 起草标准或指南 Nexus Standards
    行之有效的做法被编纂为标准或指南,并公开征求意见。 Nexus Standards 流程
  6. 由主管当局决定 主管当局(计划之外)
    主管当局在计划之外,依据记录在案的证据作出决定。 Howlett、Ramesh 和 Perl(2009)
  7. 能力与培训 Risk Academy
    负责实施的人员接受关于所决定文书及其数据的培训。 仙台框架(2015),优先事项 2
  8. 监测与公开报告 报告
    指标连同来源、局限和更正一并发布。 OECD(2014),原则 5
  9. 评估与修订 Nexus Standards
    结果反馈至标准和模型:循环闭合。 Howlett、Ramesh 和 Perl(2009)

方法

  1. 政策周期 Howlett, Ramesh and Perl (2009), Studying Public Policy, Oxford University Press
  2. 关键风险治理 OECD(2014),Recommendation of the Council on the Governance of Critical Risks
  3. 有向图的分层绘制 Sugiyama, Tagawa and Toda (1981), IEEE SMC 11
从授权到评估,按支柱划分:所记录的各个步骤及其所属支柱;来源按各步骤所引。
09工具与承诺

How policy science for capital governance is governed: instruments, mandates and commitments.

政策制定者、外交官或发展机构所使用的文书、授权、行为方和问责安排,并注明设定它们的协定。结构遵循所列框架。所绘制的任何状态或进展均为说明性,并非记录。

发展成果

The Sustainable Development Goals and targets that outcomes on policy science for capital governance are reported against.

目标目标时限该主题如何关联
目标 1,无贫穷具体目标 1.5,增强贫困和脆弱人群的韧性通过该具体目标的商定指标报告的成果
目标 17,促进目标实现的伙伴关系具体目标 17.4,长期债务可持续性通过该具体目标的商定指标报告的成果
目标 10,减少不平等具体目标 10.5,金融市场的监管与监测通过该具体目标的商定指标报告的成果
目标 16,和平、正义与强大机构具体目标 16.6,有效、负责和透明的机构通过该具体目标的商定指标报告的成果
Goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda, chosen from the page’s fields; indicators are reported by countries, not by the Forum.
《仙台框架》(减少灾害风险) · 联合国减少灾害风险办公室《巴黎协定》 · 《联合国气候变化框架公约》《2030 年可持续发展议程》和可持续发展目标 · 联合国《国际卫生条例》 · 世卫组织
10管理责任

由谁维护该方法。

Policy Nexus 为 Consortium 管理政策、制度与决策科学,并审查其在各平台上的应用情况。

12问题

问题与解答。

在该领域,政策、制度与决策科学有哪些局限?
研究发现往往因情境而异,难以推广。政治动态可能压倒技术上更优的选项。
结果如何核查?
结论通过比较案例、反事实评估与同行评审加以检验。实施结果对照既定目标进行监测。
本页面上的数值是真实的吗?
The data names, roles and checks are real descriptions of practice. The canvas shows a design of the method’s use, not a run; no result is reported here.
该方法还应用于何处?
维持社会运转的各个 规范方法页面 列出应用该方法的每个平台。
报告贡献

从本页贡献证据。

报告 is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

全球风险论坛(Global Risks Forum)Capital Nexus金融与保险准备度证据简报
Capital Nexus

把一个治理问题带到论坛。

信息和咨询现已开放。每项咨询都会获得一个编号,并告知下一步;申请、付款、算力分配和注册只有在相应团队、条款和审查能力就绪时才会开放。