Appraisal of public investment
Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness methods are applied to public projects with explicit discount rates, shadow prices and risk adjustments, so the basis for selection can be scrutinised.
GRF · Capital Nexus
Economics and development economics examine how public capital, development finance and fiscal choices affect growth, welfare and distribution. In this field they frame the trade-offs that finance ministries, parliaments and multilateral boards weigh, from the returns to public investment to the incidence of taxes and the indirect costs of shocks.
Economics and development economics study how societies produce, distribute and consume resources and how living standards change. They estimate the costs of shocks and the trade-offs among policy responses. In development finance, sovereign and public finance and financial stability, economic analysis quantifies indirect losses as shocks spread through supply chains and labour markets. It supports prioritising investment in prevention and recovery. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.
Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness methods are applied to public projects with explicit discount rates, shadow prices and risk adjustments, so the basis for selection can be scrutinised.
Taxes, transfers and service use are allocated to households to show who gains and who pays under alternative budget and adjustment paths, with assumptions stated.
Input-output and general equilibrium models trace how a disaster or krisis keuangan spreads through sectors, jobs and revenue, framing the fiscal exposure that resilience finance must cover.
Instrumen, mandat, aktor, dan pengaturan akuntabilitas yang digunakan pembuat kebijakan, diplomat, atau lembaga pembangunan, dengan merujuk perjanjian yang menetapkannya. Struktur mengikuti kerangka yang disebutkan. Setiap kondisi atau kemajuan yang digambarkan bersifat ilustratif, bukan catatan.
The Sustainable Development Goals and targets that outcomes on economics for public capital decisions are reported against.
| Tujuan | Target | Keterkaitan subjek ini |
|---|---|---|
| Tujuan 1, tanpa kemiskinan | Target 1.5, ketahanan masyarakat miskin dan rentan | Hasil yang dilaporkan melalui indikator target yang disepakati |
| Tujuan 17, kemitraan untuk mencapai tujuan | Target 17.4, keberlanjutan utang jangka panjang | Hasil yang dilaporkan melalui indikator target yang disepakati |
| Tujuan 10, berkurangnya kesenjangan | Target 10.5, regulasi dan pemantauan pasar keuangan | Hasil yang dilaporkan melalui indikator target yang disepakati |
| Tujuan 16, perdamaian, keadilan, dan kelembagaan yang tangguh | Target 16.6, lembaga yang efektif, akuntabel, dan transparan | Hasil yang dilaporkan melalui indikator target yang disepakati |
Datasets and records used by economics and development economics on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in register sumber.
| Data | Peran | Label |
|---|---|---|
| National accounts | Output, investment and sector structure | Statistik yang diterbitkan |
| Household income and expenditure surveys | Distribution and incidence | ESTIMASI |
| Government finance statistics by function | Spending and revenue composition | Statistik yang diterbitkan |
| Input-output tables | Sector linkages for shock propagation | DIMODELKAN |
| Project appraisal documents | Assumptions and appraisal practice | DINYATAKAN |
Process explorer · Process
10 steps·4 tahap
Proses
PRISMA 2020 adalah pedoman pelaporan untuk tinjauan sistematis; langkah-langkahnya mengikuti daftar periksanya, bukan urutan yang diwajibkan, dan tidak ada dokumen Nexus yang mengadopsinya.
LaporanOutline of an externally published reporting guideline, not a Nexus process and not a record of operation. PRISMA 2020 mainly covers reviews of intervention effects. No Nexus page names it. Every programme is at service level R0.
Models are assessed against historical episodes and out-of-sample data. Parameter estimates are compared across studies and identification strategies.
| Pemeriksaan | Cara pelaksanaannya |
|---|---|
| Ex post evaluation | Appraisal assumptions are compared with completed project outcomes where evaluations exist |
| Sensitivity to parameters | Results are reported across plausible discount rates, elasticities and incidence assumptions |
| Cross-method comparison | Partial and general equilibrium estimates of the same shock are compared and differences explained |
Equilibrium models may understate disruption and nonlinear cascades. Informal economies and non-market losses are poorly measured.
Pembangunan Ekonomi stewards economics and development economics for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.
Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
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