Appraisal of public investment
Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness methods are applied to public projects with explicit discount rates, shadow prices and risk adjustments, so the basis for selection can be scrutinised.
GRF · Capital Nexus
Economics and development economics examine how public capital, development finance and fiscal choices affect growth, welfare and distribution. In this field they frame the trade-offs that finance ministries, parliaments and multilateral boards weigh, from the returns to public investment to the incidence of taxes and the indirect costs of shocks.
Economics and development economics study how societies produce, distribute and consume resources and how living standards change. They estimate the costs of shocks and the trade-offs among policy responses. In development finance, sovereign and public finance and financial stability, economic analysis quantifies indirect losses as shocks spread through supply chains and labour markets. It supports prioritising investment in prevention and recovery. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.
Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness methods are applied to public projects with explicit discount rates, shadow prices and risk adjustments, so the basis for selection can be scrutinised.
Taxes, transfers and service use are allocated to households to show who gains and who pays under alternative budget and adjustment paths, with assumptions stated.
Input-output and general equilibrium models trace how a disaster or financial crisis spreads through sectors, jobs and revenue, framing the fiscal exposure that resilience finance must cover.
ابزارها، مأموریتها، کنشگران و ترتیبات پاسخگوییای که یک سیاستگذار، دیپلمات یا نهاد توسعه با آنها کار میکند، با ذکر توافقهایی که آنها را تعیین کردهاند. ساختارها از چارچوبهای نامبرده پیروی میکنند. هر وضعیت یا پیشرفتی که ترسیم شده گویاست، نه سابقه.
The Sustainable Development Goals and targets that outcomes on economics for public capital decisions are reported against.
| هدف | هدف | پیوند این موضوع با دیگر موضوعها |
|---|---|---|
| هدف 1، پایان فقر | هدف 1.5، تابآوری فقرا و گروههای آسیبپذیر | پیامدهای گزارششده از طریق نشانگر توافقشدهٔ هدف |
| هدف 17، مشارکت برای دستیابی به اهداف | هدف 17.4، پایداری بلندمدت بدهی | پیامدهای گزارششده از طریق نشانگر توافقشدهٔ هدف |
| هدف 10، کاهش نابرابریها | هدف 10.5، مقرراتگذاری و پایش بازارهای مالی | پیامدهای گزارششده از طریق نشانگر توافقشدهٔ هدف |
| هدف 16، صلح، عدالت و نهادهای قوی | هدف 16.6، نهادهای اثربخش، پاسخگو و شفاف | پیامدهای گزارششده از طریق نشانگر توافقشدهٔ هدف |
Datasets and records used by economics and development economics on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in the source register.
| داده | نقش | برچسب |
|---|---|---|
| National accounts | Output, investment and sector structure | آمارهای منتشرشده |
| Household income and expenditure surveys | Distribution and incidence | برآوردشده |
| Government finance statistics by function | Spending and revenue composition | آمارهای منتشرشده |
| Input-output tables | Sector linkages for shock propagation | مدلسازیشده |
| Project appraisal documents | Assumptions and appraisal practice | DECLARED |
Process explorer · Process
10 steps·4 مرحله
فرایند
PRISMA 2020 is a reporting guideline for systematic reviews; the steps follow its checklist, not a mandated sequence, and no Nexus document adopts it.
گزارشهاOutline of an externally published reporting guideline, not a Nexus process and not a record of operation. PRISMA 2020 mainly covers reviews of intervention effects. No Nexus page names it. Every programme is at service level R0.
Models are assessed against historical episodes and out-of-sample data. Parameter estimates are compared across studies and identification strategies.
| بررسی | How it is done |
|---|---|
| Ex post evaluation | Appraisal assumptions are compared with completed project outcomes where evaluations exist |
| Sensitivity to parameters | Results are reported across plausible discount rates, elasticities and incidence assumptions |
| Cross-method comparison | Partial and general equilibrium estimates of the same shock are compared and differences explained |
Equilibrium models may understate disruption and nonlinear cascades. Informal economies and non-market losses are poorly measured.
توسعهٔ اقتصادی stewards economics and development economics for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.
Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
هرگز دادههای شخصی، جزئیات حساس زیرساختی یا چیزی را که حق تسهیم آن را ندارید نفرستید. مشارکت پیش از استفاده بازبینی میشود؛ ارسال آن هیچ حق تألیف یا ویراستاری ایجاد نمیکند و حمایت مالی هرگز یافتهای را نمیخرد.
اطلاعات و پرسشها از امروز باز است. هر پرسش شمارهٔ مرجعی میگیرد و گام بعد را نام میبرد؛ درخواستها، پرداختها، تخصیص توان رایانشی و ثبتنامها تنها زمانی باز میشوند که تیم، شرایط و ظرفیت بررسی آنها فراهم باشد.
نقشهها، دادهها و شکلهای این سایت برای زمینه و اطلاعات عمومی نشان داده میشوند. آنها توصیه، پیشبینی یا هشدار نیستند؛ حدود اطلاعات در سلب مسئولیتها و اطلاعیههای داده بیان شده است.
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