- Japan 2026
- Annex B
Data appendix
The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.
Contents
- ·Edition home
- ·Executive summary
- 1Japan’s risk is seismic, climatic and demographic at once
- 2Key findings
- 3Systems and sectors at baseline
- 4Risks and capability
- 5Great earthquake in an ageing region
- 6Lenses and readings
- 7The 2027 agenda
- 8Systems in depth
- AMethodology
- BData appendix
- CReferences and record
- ·Complete edition, for print
B.1The indicator set
| Indicator | Value | Unit | Year | State | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GHG emissions (gross) | 1,071 | Mt CO₂e | FY2023 | Reported | 1 |
| GHG emissions (net) | 1,017 | Mt CO₂e | FY2023 | Reported | 1 |
| Change since FY2013 (net) | −27.1 | % | FY2023 | Reported | 1 |
| Energy-related CO₂ | 922 | Mt CO₂ | FY2023 | Reported | 2 |
| Clean share of electricity | >30 | % | FY2023 | Reported | 2 |
| Energy self-sufficiency | ≈15 | % | FY2023 | Reported | 5 |
| Food self-sufficiency (calories) | 38 | % | FY2023 | Reported | 16 |
| Population | 123.8 | million | 2024 | Reported | 15 |
| Aged 65 or over | 29.3 | % | 2024 | Reported | 15 |
| Births | ≈686,000 | births | 2024 | Reported | 14 |
| Heatstroke ambulance transports | ≈97,600 | people | 2024 | Reported | 12 |
| Heatstroke deaths | 1,651 | deaths | 2023 | Reported | 13 |
| Nankai Trough worst-case deaths | ≈298,000 | deaths | Scenario | Scenario | 9 |
| Nankai Trough worst-case damage | ≈292 | ¥ trillion | Scenario | Scenario | 9 |
| Protected land | ≈20.5 | % | 2023 | Reported | 19 |
| Protected sea | ≈13.3 | % | 2023 | Reported | 19 |
| Homes with earthquake insurance | ≈35 | % | 2023 | Reported | 22 |
B.2National source register
The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.
Domains bound by the register
- WAT
- ENE
- FOO
- HLT
- BIO
- CLI
- INF
- FIN
- TRD
- MIN
| Source | Category | Coverage | Period | Cadence | Role |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GHG inventory FY20231 | national technical authority | national | FY1990–2023 | annual | CLI · ENE |
| Climate monitoring67 | national technical authority | national | to 2024 | annual | CLI |
| Disaster white paper8 | government | national | 2024 | annual | capability |
| Nankai Trough estimates9 | government council | regional | 2025 | periodic | SEI |
| Seismic evaluations10 | government headquarters | national | 2025 | periodic | SEI |
| Noto damage reports11 | government | regional | 2024–2026 | per event | SEI |
| Heatstroke transports12 | national agency | national | 2024 | annual | HLT |
| Vital statistics1314 | national statistics | national | 2023–2024 | annual | HLT |
| Population estimates15 | national statistics | national | 2024 | annual | profile |
| Food self-sufficiency16 | ministry statistics | national | FY2023 | annual | FOO |
| Earthquake insurance22 | industry | national | 2023 | annual | FIN |
B.3Regional reading, Japan by region
Map plates for every prefecture follow in Q2 2027, when boundary sources and public-safe resolutions are bound. This page gives the regional reading in table form.
Selected populations15
13.4million
Tokyo Metropolis
8.8million
Osaka Prefecture
5.1million
Hokkaido
≈0.5million
Noto-region Ishikawa (northern)
| Region | Principal hazards | Systems most exposed | Baseline evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hokkaido and Tōhoku | earthquakes, tsunami, heavy snow | energy, food, fisheries | Tōhoku 2011 |
| Kantō | Tokyo-area earthquake, floods, heat | finance, power, transport | Hagibis 201920 |
| Chūbu and Hokuriku | earthquakes, heavy snow and rain | manufacturing, water | Noto 202411 |
| Kinki | Nankai Trough, typhoons | ports, industry | Jebi 201823 |
| Chūgoku and Shikoku | heavy rain, landslides, Nankai Trough | rural communities | western Japan floods 2018 |
| Kyūshū and Okinawa | heavy rain, typhoons, volcanoes | semiconductors, agriculture | Kumamoto 2016 |
B.4Atlas card, Noto Peninsula (Ishikawa)
- region
- peninsula
- ageing community
- remote lifelines
- Systems in view
- water, roads, power, health and care
- Defining events
- M7.6 earthquake on 1 January 2024; heavy-rain disaster in September 202411
- Couplings
- SEI → WAT → HLT; SEI → INF; CLI → INF
- Capability evidence
- national response and mutual aid in real events
- Gaps
- water restoration time; care continuity; relocation
- Agenda items
- A-01 · A-04
Broken mains left many households without piped water for weeks to months, the defining hardship of the recovery.
WATER
Months without pipes
Cold, displacement and interrupted care raised deaths among older residents after the earthquake itself.
HEALTH AND CARE
Disaster-related deaths
Landslides cut the few roads into the peninsula, delaying relief and supplies.
ROADS
Isolated by the terrain
B.5Japan system card
The card through which Japan appears in the East Asia regional edition and the global series. It summarises; it does not rank.
| System | Baseline state | Coupling to watch | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water | steep rivers; seismic pipe exposure | earthquake into care | PARTIAL |
| Energy | clean power >30%; imported fuel | import disruption | GOOD |
| Food | 38% self-sufficiency | import shocks | GOOD |
| Health | ageing; heat | heat and disaster load | GOOD |
| Biodiversity | high endemism | land use and invasives | PARTIAL |
Context
- Archetype
- high-income, ageing island economy with extreme seismic exposure
- Population
- 123.8 million (2024)15
- Trade
- import-dependent for fuel, food and feed516
- Hazard
- Nankai Trough worst case ¥292 trillion9
Japan’s card sits beside its neighbours’; shared basins, grids, corridors and supply chains are read as one regional system.
EAST ASIA REGIONAL EDITION
One regional system
Japanese evidence enters the water, energy, food, finance and climate sector reports through the same finding identifiers, so a correction travels everywhere at once.
GLOBAL SECTOR SERIES
Same findings, same IDs
In the global edition Japan is read against peer distributions and thresholds, never placed in a league table.
GLOBAL FLAGSHIP
Peers, not ranks
B.6Licences
| Material | Licence |
|---|---|
| Text | CC BY 4.0 |
| Data | on the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0 |
| Figures | Nexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited |
| Maps | boundary source and licence printed on each plate |
| Metadata | CC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it |
| Third-party data, figures and text | The source’s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed |
| Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence. | |
B.7Formats and provenance
| Format | Kind | State | What it is | Identifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web edition | HTML | On this site | Draft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source. | NR-COUNTRY-JPN-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0 |
| Print edition | At release | A4 portrait · screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release. | NR-COUNTRY-JPN-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0 | |
| Indicator data | CSV · JSON | On this site | 17 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release. | NR-COUNTRY-JPN-2026-BASELINE data release v1 |
| Figures | SVG · PNG | On this site | 4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder. | FIG-COUNTRY-JPN-2026-BASELINE-* |
| Slides | Not recorded | No slide deck is recorded for this edition. | ||
| Evidence brief | HTML · PDF | Not recorded | No evidence brief is recorded for this edition. | |
| Dataset with DOI | DataCite | At release | Concept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet. |
Provenance
- Edition pack
- The edition’s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built
- Evidence cut
- NQ-JPN-2026-Q0-1, closed 30 September 2026
- Reproducibility
- sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters
- Self-check
- 14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release
- Review
- five passes scheduled before release
- Publisher of record
- The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium
- Corrections
- Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version
Notes
Numbers are the edition’s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. Annex C, references
- 1Ministry of the Environment and National Institute for Environmental Studies (eds.), Japan’s National Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals in FY2023. MoE, Tokyo, April 2025.back
- 2Ministry of the Environment (ed.), Progress of the Plan for Global Warming Countermeasures in FY2023. MoE, Tokyo, 2025.back
- 5Agency for Natural Resources and Energy (ed.), Annual Report on Energy (Energy White Paper) 2025. METI, Tokyo, 2025.back
- 16Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (ed.), Food self-sufficiency ratio, FY2023. MAFF, Tokyo, August 2024.back
- 15Statistics Bureau of Japan (ed.), Population Estimates as of 1 October 2024. Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Tokyo, 2025.back
- 14Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (ed.), Vital Statistics 2024 (births). MHLW, Tokyo, 2025.back
- 12Fire and Disaster Management Agency (ed.), “Heatstroke emergency transports, May–September 2024.” FDMA, Tokyo, October 2024.back
- 13Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (ed.), Vital Statistics: deaths from heatstroke, 2023. MHLW, Tokyo, 2024.back
- 9Central Disaster Management Council, Working Group on Nankai Trough Megaquake Countermeasures (ed.), Revised damage estimates for a Nankai Trough megaquake. Cabinet Office, Tokyo, March 2025.back
- 19Ministry of the Environment (ed.), “30by30 roadmap and protected-area statistics.” MoE, Tokyo, retrieved 2026-09-30.back
- 22General Insurance Rating Organization of Japan (ed.), Earthquake insurance statistics, 2023. GIROJ, Tokyo, 2024.back
- 6Japan Meteorological Agency (ed.), Climate Change Monitoring Report 2024. JMA, Tokyo, 2025.back
- 7Japan Meteorological Agency (ed.), “Characteristics of the climate in Japan in 2024.” JMA, Tokyo, January 2025.back
- 8Cabinet Office (ed.), White Paper on Disaster Management 2025. Cabinet Office, Tokyo, 2025.back
- 10Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion (ed.), Long-term evaluation of earthquakes along the Nankai Trough (revised). MEXT, Tokyo, 2025.back
- 11Cabinet Office (ed.), “Damage situation of the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake.” Cabinet Office, Tokyo, retrieved 2026-09-30.back
- 20Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (ed.), White Paper on Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in Japan 2025. MLIT, Tokyo, 2025.back
- 23General Insurance Association of Japan (ed.), “Insurance payouts for major windstorm and flood losses.” GIAJ, Tokyo, retrieved 2026-09-30.back