GRF · Capital Nexus

Methods and critical debate

The methods Capital Nexus relies on to inform policy and governance decisions: comparative governance, policy analysis, foresight and exercises with institutions, with the mandates they serve and their limits.

01Sequence

The order things happen in.

  1. 01Draftsources cited, labels attached
  2. 02Evidence checkevery value traced
  3. 03Independent reviewconflicts declared
  4. 04Editionpublished with its limits
  5. 05Correctiona new version, never a silent edit
03Methods for studying finance

Methods for studying finance governance.

MethodUse
Public expenditure reviewHow risk spending flows through budgets
Institutional analysisDecision rules of funds and pools
Economic appraisalValue of pre-arranged versus ex post finance

See financial economics and economics.

04Process

How the process runs.

Process

Methods and critical debate: PRISMA 2020 review reporting

PRISMA 2020 is a reporting guideline for systematic reviews; the steps follow its checklist, not a mandated sequence, and no Nexus document adopts it.

  1. 01 Plan

    1. 01Registration and protocolRecord · The review teamThe guideline asks for registration details, access to the protocol and any amendments.
    2. 02Eligibility criteriaRecord · The review teamThe guideline asks for the inclusion and exclusion criteria and how studies were grouped.
  2. 02 Find and select

    1. 03Search: sources and strategiesStep · The review teamThe guideline asks for the information sources and the full search strategies. It does not fix which sources are used.
    2. 04Selection of studiesStep · The review teamThe guideline asks how studies were judged eligible, including how many reviewers screened. It does not fix the number of reviewers.
    3. 05Flow diagramRecordThe flow diagram shows the number of records found, the number of studies included and the reasons for exclusion.
  3. 03 Analyse

    1. 06Data collectionStep · The review teamThe guideline asks how data were collected from reports and which data items were sought.
    2. 07Risk of biasStep · The review teamThe guideline asks for the methods and tools used to assess risk of bias.
    3. 08SynthesisModel · The review teamThe guideline asks for the effect measures and the synthesis methods. It does not prescribe meta-analysis.
    4. 09Certainty of evidenceStep · The review teamThe guideline asks for the methods used to assess certainty, and reports the result per outcome. It does not name a grading scale.
  4. 04 Report

    1. 10Review reportRecordThe guideline helps authors report why the review was done, what they did and what they found.

ReportsOutline of an externally published reporting guideline, not a Nexus process and not a record of operation. PRISMA 2020 mainly covers reviews of intervention effects. No Nexus page names it. Every programme is at service level R0.

05Uncertainty

How uncertainty is reported.

  1. 01

    State assumptions

    Each analysis lists its assumptions and the data it depends on.

  2. 02

    Quantify where possible

    Ranges and confidence are reported alongside central estimates.

  3. 03

    Validate and compare

    Models are checked against observations and, where possible, against other models.

  4. 04

    Publish limits

    What an analysis cannot show is stated beside what it can.

06Sources

Where this page’s references lead.

The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.

07Questions

Questions and answers.

Are the methods open?
Method descriptions are public on the STEM Commons. Code and data follow their own licences and access terms, listed in the source register.
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Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

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