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:where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-n1dxnza9.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-scene nx-es-scene\" data-scene=\"text\" data-ground=\"none\" data-es-org=\"grf\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-scene-title\"><div class=\"nx-scene-intro nx-es-intro\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Forum\">GRF<\/abbr> \u00b7 Disaster and Crisis Governance<\/p><span class=\"nx-scene-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 id=\"nx-scene-title\" class=\"nx-scene-title\">Policy, institutional and decision science for disaster and crisis governance<\/h1><p class=\"nx-scene-lede\">Policy and institutional science studies how laws, mandates and organisations shape what governments do. In disaster and crisis governance it compares emergency law, coordination structures and recovery institutions across countries, and traces how lessons travel or stall between events.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/write-to-us\/contact\/\">Make an enquiry <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/stem\/\">Back to STEM foundation of Disaster and Crisis Governance<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-1-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Register<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-1\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Key facts.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-es-fig\" data-es-layout=\"workbench\"><div class=\"nx-hero-panel\"><div class=\"nx-register\"><div class=\"nx-register-head\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Method record<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">STEM method<\/span><\/div><ol class=\"nx-register-rows\"><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Method<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Policy, institutional and decision science<\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Steward<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/policy\/\">Policy Nexus<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Applied in<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Disaster and Crisis Governance<\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Data<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"#nx-sec-data\">4 inputs<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Checks<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"#nx-sec-checks\">3 validation steps<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Canonical page<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/policy-science\/\">STEM Commons<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-1\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Application, Monitor, Data, Policy scenarios\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Application, Monitor, Data, Policy scenarios\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-application\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Application<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-3-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Monitor<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-data\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Data<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-instrument\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Policy scenarios<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-application\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Application<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What policy, institutional and decision science does here.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Policy, institutional and decision science studies how public decisions are made, implemented and evaluated. It examines how institutions coordinate across sectors and levels of government when facing shared risks. In disaster and crisis and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">critical infrastructure<\/a>, policy science identifies governance gaps where responsibility for cross-sector risk is unclear. It supports the design of mandates, coordination mechanisms and accountability. The canonical description is on <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/policy-science\/\">the STEM Commons<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cols\"><article><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\" data-size=\"lg\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m14.5 12.5-8 8a2.119 2.119 0 1 1-3-3l8-8\"\/><path d=\"m16 16 6-6\"\/><path d=\"m8 8 6-6\"\/><path d=\"m9 7 8 8\"\/><path d=\"m21 11-8-8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Comparing emergency law<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Declaration thresholds, powers, sunset clauses and review provisions are coded across countries so legislatures can see design options and their record.<\/p><\/article><article><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\" data-size=\"lg\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M14 2v4a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h4\"\/><path d=\"M4.268 21a2 2 0 0 0 1.727 1H18a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V7l-5-5H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v3\"\/><path d=\"m9 18-1.5-1.5\"\/><circle cx=\"5\" cy=\"14\" r=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Tracing recurring findings<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Recommendations from public inquiries are compared across events to identify findings that recur and the institutional reasons they were not acted on.<\/p><\/article><article><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\" data-size=\"lg\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect x=\"16\" y=\"16\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><rect x=\"2\" y=\"16\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><rect x=\"9\" y=\"2\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><path d=\"M5 16v-3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h12a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3\"\/><path d=\"M12 12V8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Mapping coordination structures<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Plans and after-action reports are read to map which agency leads, coordinates and supports each function at each level of government.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-3-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"systemic\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Monitor<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Survey analysis.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The screen a team would use to follow this method: its measures, states and decisions. Names are examples and values are illustrative.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><figure class=\"nx-fk nx-cx\" data-fk=\"cx-crisisgov-method-survey\" data-cx=\"crisisgov.method-survey\" data-variant=\"section\" aria-label=\"Survey analysis: illustrative console with example names and values\"><div class=\"nx-fk-head\"><div class=\"nx-fk-heading\"><h3 class=\"nx-fk-title\">Survey analysis<\/h3><p class=\"nx-fk-sub\">Crisis governance \u00b7 Policy, institutional and decision \u00b7 Run R-9545<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-fk-btn\" data-fk-act=\"menu\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" aria-expanded=\"false\" hidden><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 4v11\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><path d=\"M5 20h14\"\/><\/svg>Export<\/button><ul class=\"nx-fk-menu\" data-fk-menu=\"true\" hidden><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-png\">Image<small>PNG of the map or chart<\/small><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-csv\">Data<small>CSV of the figure&#8217;s values<\/small><\/button><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-status\"><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"info\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Estimates stable<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-prod\">GRF \u00b7 Disaster and Crisis Governance<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-grid\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"4\" data-t=\"table\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Estimates<\/h4><p class=\"nx-fk-panel-sub\">robust standard errors<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tablewrap\" data-fk-view=\"table:cx-crisisgov-method-survey-t0\"><table class=\"nx-fk-table\" data-fk-table=\"cx-crisisgov-method-survey-t0\" aria-label=\"Estimates\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c0\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c0\">Term<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c1\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c1\">Estimate<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c2\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c2\">Std error<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c3\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c3\">95 pct interval<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c4\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c4\">Sig.<\/button><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-crisisgov-method-survey:r0-0\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Agencies with clear mandates<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"-0.37\">\u22120.37<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.19\">0.19<\/td><td>[\u22120.1, 0.7]<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"off\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>No<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-crisisgov-method-survey:r0-1\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Warnings issued on time<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.41\">0.41<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.1\">0.10<\/td><td>[\u22120.5, 0.3]<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"off\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>No<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-crisisgov-method-survey:r0-2\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Exercises held<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"-0.27\">\u22120.27<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.16\">0.16<\/td><td>[\u22120.5, 0.5]<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Yes<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-crisisgov-method-survey:r0-3\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>After-action items closed<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"-0.35\">\u22120.35<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.1\">0.10<\/td><td>[\u22120.2, 0.7]<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"off\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>No<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"2\" data-t=\"kv\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Method card<\/h4><\/div><\/div><dl class=\"nx-fk-dl\"><div><dt>Method<\/dt><dd>Policy, institutional and decision science<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Sample<\/dt><dd>6793 obs<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Design<\/dt><dd>stratified, weighted<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Label<\/dt><dd><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"info\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>MODELLED<\/span><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"6\" data-t=\"chart\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Residuals by group<\/h4><\/div><\/div><svg class=\"nx-fk-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 520 210\" width=\"520\" height=\"210\" role=\"img\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-label=\"Residuals by group\" data-fk-chart=\"cx-crisisgov-method-survey-c2\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\" hidden><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>Survey analysis: the screen&#8217;s structure, terms and states for Crisis governance.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Example names and illustrative values; a design, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-data\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Data<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What the method consumes.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Datasets and records used by policy, institutional and decision science on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/research\/sources\/\">the source register<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Data<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Data\">Disaster and emergency legislation<\/td><td data-label=\"Role\">Legal design<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Published statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Data\">Inquiry and after-action reports<\/td><td data-label=\"Role\">Practice and lessons<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">REPORTED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Data\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> Monitor<\/td><td data-label=\"Role\">National reporting<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">DECLARED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Data\">Emergency plans<\/td><td data-label=\"Role\">Assigned roles<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">DECLARED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"data\" data-nxf-kind=\"data\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/grf\/R-P02\/stem\/policy-science\/#data\" data-nxf-title=\"Method record\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"evidence\" data-nxf-kind=\"evidence\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/grf\/R-P02\/stem\/policy-science\/#evidence\" data-nxf-title=\"Evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-instrument\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-ns-layout=\"es-wide\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Policy scenarios<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Compare instruments: rules, incentives and information.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Three families of instruments side by side against the baseline, each with its own lag and adoption speed, under the coverage and compliance you set; effect sizes are teaching values to replace with evidence. Scenario: named assumptions about the future, not a forecast.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><figure class=\"nx-in nx-fk\" id=\"nx-in-er-crisis-governance-stem-policy-science-0\" data-nxi=\"policy\" data-nxi-id=\"policy\" data-nxi-z=\"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\" aria-label=\"Compare instruments: rules, incentives and information\"><div class=\"nx-in-body\"><div class=\"nx-in-main\"><div class=\"nx-in-tabs\" data-nxi-tabs=\"true\" aria-label=\"Views of the model\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"result\">Result<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"fan\">Uncertainty<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"tornado\">Sensitivity<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"loops\">Loops<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-in-stage\" id=\"nx-in-er-crisis-governance-stem-policy-science-0-stage\" data-nxi-stage=\"true\" data-view=\"result\"><svg class=\"nx-in-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 720 340\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Outcome by option\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><p class=\"nx-in-tip\" data-nxi-tip=\"true\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p><div class=\"nx-in-bar\" data-nxi-bar=\"true\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Play over time\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-prev=\"true\" aria-label=\"Step back\">&#8249;<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-play=\"true\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Play<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-next=\"true\" aria-label=\"Step forward\">&#8250;<\/button><span class=\"nx-in-step\" data-nxi-step=\"true\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-in-side\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Controls<\/p><div class=\"nx-in-ctl\" data-nxi-ctl=\"true\"><dl class=\"nx-in-pv\"><div><dt>Baseline trend of the outcome<\/dt><dd>2.0% a year<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Coverage of the instrument<\/dt><dd>70%<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Compliance<\/dt><dd>75%<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Effect size, against the teaching value<\/dt><dd>100%<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Years ahead<\/dt><dd>20 years<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Readouts<\/p><dl class=\"nx-in-out\" data-nxi-out=\"true\" aria-live=\"polite\"><div><dt>Largest reduction at the horizon<\/dt><dd>Regulation<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Its reduction against the baseline<\/dt><dd>21%<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><\/div><details class=\"nx-in-more\"><summary>Numbers, methods and sources<\/summary><div class=\"nx-in-more-in\"><div class=\"nx-in-tblw\" data-nxi-table=\"true\"><table class=\"nx-in-tbl\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Regulation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Economic incentive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Information and capacity<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">0<\/th><td>100.0<\/td><td>99.5<\/td><td>98.8<\/td><td>99.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">1<\/th><td>102.0<\/td><td>101.2<\/td><td>100.1<\/td><td>99.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">2<\/th><td>104.0<\/td><td>102.5<\/td><td>101.1<\/td><td>99.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">3<\/th><td>106.1<\/td><td>103.5<\/td><td>101.6<\/td><td>100.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">4<\/th><td>108.2<\/td><td>103.7<\/td><td>101.8<\/td><td>100.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">5<\/th><td>110.4<\/td><td>103.2<\/td><td>101.7<\/td><td>102.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">6<\/th><td>112.6<\/td><td>102.0<\/td><td>101.6<\/td><td>103.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">7<\/th><td>114.9<\/td><td>100.4<\/td><td>101.6<\/td><td>105.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">8<\/th><td>117.2<\/td><td>99.2<\/td><td>102.1<\/td><td>108.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">9<\/th><td>119.5<\/td><td>98.6<\/td><td>102.9<\/td><td>110.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">10<\/th><td>121.9<\/td><td>98.9<\/td><td>104.2<\/td><td>112.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">11<\/th><td>124.3<\/td><td>99.7<\/td><td>105.7<\/td><td>114.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">12<\/th><td>126.8<\/td><td>101.1<\/td><td>107.4<\/td><td>116.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">13<\/th><td>129.4<\/td><td>102.7<\/td><td>109.4<\/td><td>119.2<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">14<\/th><td>131.9<\/td><td>104.5<\/td><td>111.4<\/td><td>121.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">15<\/th><td>134.6<\/td><td>106.5<\/td><td>113.5<\/td><td>124.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">16<\/th><td>137.3<\/td><td>108.5<\/td><td>115.7<\/td><td>126.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">17<\/th><td>140.0<\/td><td>110.7<\/td><td>118.0<\/td><td>129.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">18<\/th><td>142.8<\/td><td>112.9<\/td><td>120.4<\/td><td>131.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">19<\/th><td>145.7<\/td><td>115.1<\/td><td>122.8<\/td><td>134.2<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">20<\/th><td>148.6<\/td><td>117.4<\/td><td>125.2<\/td><td>136.9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-csv=\"true\" hidden>Download the numbers (CSV)<\/button><h4 class=\"nx-h4\">Methods<\/h4><ol class=\"nx-in-meth\"><li>Tools of government <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Hood (1983), The Tools of Government, Macmillan<\/span><\/li><li>Carrots, sticks and sermons <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Bemelmans-Videc, Rist and Vedung (1998), Transaction<\/span><\/li><li>Diffusion of innovations <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Rogers (2003), Diffusion of Innovations, Free Press<\/span><\/li><li>Uncertainty fan (parameter Monte Carlo) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Spiegelhalter, Pearson and Short (2011), Visualising uncertainty about the future, Science 333<\/span><\/li><li>One-at-a-time sensitivity (tornado) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Saltelli and others (2008), Global Sensitivity Analysis: The Primer, Wiley<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h4 class=\"nx-h4\">Data<\/h4><p class=\"nx-p\">The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page&#8217;s map can draw:<\/p><ul class=\"nx-in-src\"><li>Borders <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Cities <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/details><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\">Compare instruments: rules, incentives and information. Illustrative teaching model: it runs on the values set by the controls, not on measured data. Methods: Tools of government (Hood (1983), The Tools of Government, Macmillan); Carrots, sticks and sermons (Bemelmans-Videc, Rist and Vedung (1998), Transaction); Diffusion of innovations (Rogers (2003), Diffusion of Innovations, Free Press).<\/figcaption><div class=\"nx-in-pls\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Across the six pillars, led by Nexus Consortium<\/p><ul class=\"nx-in-pl\" aria-label=\"Where this instrument connects across the pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Experiments<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Built in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/foundry\/\">Disaster and Crisis Governance in Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Tested at<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/universe\/\">Disaster and Crisis Governance in Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Codified in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/\">Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction in Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Published in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/reports\/\">Disaster and Crisis Governance in Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Taught in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/\">Faculty of Hazards, Disasters and Resilience in Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><span class=\"nx-in-keep\" hidden><i data-c=\"c1\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c2\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c4\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c5\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c6\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l0\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l1\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l2\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l5\"><\/i><i data-c=\"h3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"neg\"><\/i><i data-c=\"on0\"><\/i><i data-c=\"on1\"><\/i><i data-l=\"0\"><\/i><i data-l=\"1\"><\/i><i data-l=\"2\"><\/i><i data-l=\"3\"><\/i><i data-l=\"4\"><\/i><i data-l=\"5\"><\/i><i data-on=\"0\"><\/i><i data-on=\"1\"><\/i><i data-pol=\"p\"><\/i><i data-pol=\"n\"><\/i><i data-k=\"R\"><\/i><i data-k=\"B\"><\/i><i data-k=\"dash\"><\/i><i data-dash=\"true\"><\/i><i data-view=\"result\"><\/i><i data-nxi-live=\"on\"><\/i><i data-nxi-live=\"off\"><\/i><i class=\"nx-in-svg nx-in-grid nx-in-ax nx-in-tk nx-in-at nx-in-ln nx-in-band nx-in-lbl nx-in-lk nx-in-ref nx-in-reft nx-in-mk nx-in-x nx-in-rect nx-in-val nx-in-rowl nx-in-cl nx-in-arrow nx-in-pol nx-in-cln nx-in-loop nx-in-edge nx-in-node nx-in-nl nx-in-reach nx-in-trib nx-in-agent nx-in-flow nx-in-legend nx-in-sw nx-in-note nx-in-loops nx-in-3d nx-in-cv nx-in-field nx-in-fl nx-in-fv nx-in-range nx-in-btn nx-in-err nx-in-tbl nx-in-cite\"><\/i><\/span><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-2\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Validation, Implementation, Connections, Instruments and commitments\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Validation, Implementation, Connections, Instruments and commitments\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-checks\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Validation<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-instrument-2\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Implementation<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-connections\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Connections<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-audience\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Instruments and commitments<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-checks\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Validation<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How results are checked.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Conclusions are tested through comparative cases, counterfactual evaluation and peer review. Implementation outcomes are monitored against stated objectives.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Check<\/th><th scope=\"col\">How it is done<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Check\">Case selection stated<\/td><td data-label=\"How it is done\">Comparisons state which countries and events were chosen and why<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Check\">Source independence<\/td><td data-label=\"How it is done\">Findings from self-reports are checked against independent reviews where available<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Check\">Context conditions<\/td><td data-label=\"How it is done\">Lessons are stated with the conditions under which they held<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Findings are often context specific and difficult to transfer. Political dynamics can override technically preferred options.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-instrument-2\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-ns-layout=\"es-wide\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Implementation<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">From mandate to evaluation, by pillar.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The steps an instrument takes from mandate to evaluation, each with the pillar that runs it, and the decisions that stay with the authority. Teaching model with stated illustrative values, not a prediction.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><figure class=\"nx-in nx-fk\" id=\"nx-in-er-crisis-governance-stem-policy-science-1\" aria-label=\"From mandate to evaluation, by pillar\"><ol class=\"nx-in-steps\"><li><strong>Mandate and problem framing<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Competent authority (outside the programme)<\/span><br>A competent authority frames the problem and the mandate under its own rules. <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Howlett, Ramesh and Perl (2009)<\/span><\/li><li><strong>Evidence and system model<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Foundry<\/span><br>The system is modelled with its feedbacks, data and stated limits. <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">OECD (2014), principle 2<\/span><\/li><li><strong>Options appraised with scenarios<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Foundry<\/span><br>Instruments are compared under scenarios, with uncertainty shown. <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Hood (1983)<\/span><\/li><li><strong>Exercise with stakeholders<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Universe<\/span><br>The options are tested in an exercise with those who would implement and bear them. <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">OECD (2014), principle 3<\/span><\/li><li><strong>Standard or guidance drafted<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Nexus Standards<\/span><br>What works is codified as a standard or guidance, open to comment. <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Nexus Standards process<\/span><\/li><li><strong>Decision by the authority<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Competent authority (outside the programme)<\/span><br>The authority decides, outside the programme, with the evidence on record. <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Howlett, Ramesh and Perl (2009)<\/span><\/li><li><strong>Capacity and training<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Risk Academy<\/span><br>Those who implement are trained on the decided instrument and its data. <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Sendai Framework (2015), priority 2<\/span><\/li><li><strong>Monitoring and public report<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Reports<\/span><br>Indicators are published with sources, limits and corrections. <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">OECD (2014), principle 5<\/span><\/li><li><strong>Evaluation and revision<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Nexus Standards<\/span><br>Results return to the standard and the model: the cycle closes. <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Howlett, Ramesh and Perl (2009)<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h4 class=\"nx-h4\">Methods<\/h4><ol class=\"nx-in-meth\"><li>Policy cycle <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Howlett, Ramesh and Perl (2009), Studying Public Policy, Oxford University Press<\/span><\/li><li>Governance of critical risks <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">OECD (2014), Recommendation of the Council on the Governance of Critical Risks<\/span><\/li><li>Layered drawing of directed graphs <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Sugiyama, Tagawa and Toda (1981), IEEE SMC 11<\/span><\/li><\/ol><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\">From mandate to evaluation, by pillar: the steps as recorded, each with its pillar; sources as cited on each step.<\/figcaption><div class=\"nx-in-pls\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Across the six pillars, led by Nexus Consortium<\/p><ul class=\"nx-in-pl\" aria-label=\"Where this instrument connects across the pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Experiments<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Built in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/foundry\/\">Disaster and Crisis Governance in Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Tested at<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/universe\/\">Disaster and Crisis Governance in Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Codified in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/\">Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction in Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Published in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/reports\/\">Disaster and Crisis Governance in Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Taught in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/\">Faculty of Hazards, Disasters and Resilience in Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><span class=\"nx-in-keep\" hidden><i data-c=\"c1\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c2\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c4\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c5\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c6\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l0\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l1\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l2\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l5\"><\/i><i data-c=\"h3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"neg\"><\/i><i data-c=\"on0\"><\/i><i data-c=\"on1\"><\/i><i data-l=\"0\"><\/i><i data-l=\"1\"><\/i><i data-l=\"2\"><\/i><i data-l=\"3\"><\/i><i data-l=\"4\"><\/i><i data-l=\"5\"><\/i><i data-on=\"0\"><\/i><i data-on=\"1\"><\/i><i data-pol=\"p\"><\/i><i data-pol=\"n\"><\/i><i data-k=\"R\"><\/i><i data-k=\"B\"><\/i><i data-k=\"dash\"><\/i><i data-dash=\"true\"><\/i><i data-view=\"result\"><\/i><i data-nxi-live=\"on\"><\/i><i data-nxi-live=\"off\"><\/i><i class=\"nx-in-svg nx-in-grid nx-in-ax nx-in-tk nx-in-at nx-in-ln nx-in-band nx-in-lbl nx-in-lk nx-in-ref nx-in-reft nx-in-mk nx-in-x nx-in-rect nx-in-val nx-in-rowl nx-in-cl nx-in-arrow nx-in-pol nx-in-cln nx-in-loop nx-in-edge nx-in-node nx-in-nl nx-in-reach nx-in-trib nx-in-agent nx-in-flow nx-in-legend nx-in-sw nx-in-note nx-in-loops nx-in-3d nx-in-cv nx-in-field nx-in-fl nx-in-fv nx-in-range nx-in-btn nx-in-err nx-in-tbl nx-in-cite\"><\/i><\/span><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-connections\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Connections<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Topics that rely on this method.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\" data-nav=\"true\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/topics\/disaster-authority-and-mandates\/\"><span>Disaster authority and mandates<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/topics\/multi-agency-coordination\/\"><span>Multi agency coordination<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/topics\/early-warning-governance\/\"><span>Early warning governance<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/topics\/crisis-communications\/\"><span>Crisis communications<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/topics\/business-continuity-governance\/\"><span>Business continuity governance<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/topics\/recovery-governance\/\"><span>Recovery governance<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/topics\/local-and-community-governance\/\"><span>Local and community governance<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/topics\/simulation-and-after-action\/\"><span>Simulation and after action<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-audience\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"systemic\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Instruments and commitments<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Instruments, mandates and commitments.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The instruments, mandates, actors and accountability arrangements a policymaker, diplomat or development agency works with, citing the agreements that set them. Structures follow the frameworks named. Any state or progress drawn is illustrative, not a record.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-au\" data-au-voice=\"governance\" data-au-n=\"1\"><figure class=\"nx-au-c\" data-au-fig=\"instrument-matrix\"><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Policy instrument matrix<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-au-what\">The kinds of instrument available on policy, institutional and decision science for disaster and crisis governance, by level of government and cooperation.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instrument type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Local<\/th><th scope=\"col\">National<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Regional<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Global<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Instrument type\"><strong>Regulatory<\/strong><\/td><td data-label=\"Local\">Zoning, building codes<\/td><td data-label=\"National\">Laws, standards, licensing<\/td><td data-label=\"Regional\">Harmonised rules<\/td><td data-label=\"Global\">Conventions and treaties<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Instrument type\"><strong>Economic<\/strong><\/td><td data-label=\"Local\">Local levies, grants<\/td><td data-label=\"National\">Budget lines, taxes, insurance schemes<\/td><td data-label=\"Regional\">Risk pools, regional funds<\/td><td data-label=\"Global\">Financing mechanisms<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Instrument type\"><strong>Information<\/strong><\/td><td data-label=\"Local\">Local warnings<\/td><td data-label=\"National\">Disclosure, early warning, statistics<\/td><td data-label=\"Regional\">Data sharing arrangements<\/td><td data-label=\"Global\">Global monitoring and reporting<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Instrument type\"><strong>Institutional<\/strong><\/td><td data-label=\"Local\">Local committees<\/td><td data-label=\"National\">Lead agencies, coordination councils<\/td><td data-label=\"Regional\">Regional bodies and secretariats<\/td><td data-label=\"Global\">Multilateral mandates<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Instrument type\"><strong>Cooperative<\/strong><\/td><td data-label=\"Local\">Community agreements<\/td><td data-label=\"National\">Partnership compacts<\/td><td data-label=\"Regional\">Memoranda and joint programmes<\/td><td data-label=\"Global\">Agreements and joint commitments<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\"><span>A typology after the OECD Recommendation on the Governance of Critical Risks; examples of instrument types, not an inventory of any country&#8217;s measures.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-chips nx-au-fw\" aria-label=\"Frameworks cited\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction \u00b7 UNDRR<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Paris Agreement \u00b7 UNFCCC<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals \u00b7 United Nations<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">International Health Regulations \u00b7 WHO<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-3\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Stewardship, Connected, Questions\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Stewardship, Connected, Questions\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-stewardship\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Stewardship<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-11-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Connected<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-12-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Questions<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-stewardship\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Stewardship<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who maintains the method.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/policy\/\">Policy Nexus<\/a> stewards policy, institutional and decision science for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/policy-science\/\">Canonical page: Policy, institutional and decision science<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-11-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"systemic\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Connected<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page leads across the Consortium.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/policy\/stem\/policy-science\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Steward platform<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GRF<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Policy science at Policy Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Policy Nexus stewards this method.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-12-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>What are the limits of policy, institutional and decision science in this field?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Findings are often context specific and difficult to transfer. Political dynamics can override technically preferred options.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How are results checked?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Conclusions are tested through comparative cases, counterfactual evaluation and peer review. Implementation outcomes are monitored against stated objectives.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Are the values on this page real?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">The data names, roles and checks are real descriptions of practice. The canvas shows a design of the method&#8217;s use, not a run; no result is reported here.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Where else is this method applied?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">The <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/policy-science\/\">canonical method page<\/a> lists every platform that applies it.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Contribute evidence from this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Global Risks Forum<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Disaster and Crisis Governance<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Universe Annual Synthesis<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Evidence Brief<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GRF<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Global Risks Forum<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See every way to contribute<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The contribution types, how each is reviewed, what credit you receive, the licence and what is never accepted.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/grf\/disaster-crisis-governance\/stem\/policy-science#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-m-disaster-crisis-governance-stem-policy-science-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-m-disaster-crisis-governance-stem-policy-science-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-m-disaster-crisis-governance-stem-policy-science-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/use-by\/ministries-of-finance-and-planning#what-ministries-are-trying-to-do\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Ministries of finance and planning<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/preparedness-crisis-management\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Preparedness, emergency and crisis management<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/geophysical-hazard-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Geophysical hazard standards<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-13\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Disaster and Crisis Governance<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring a governance question to the Forum.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Information and enquiries are open today. 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