{"id":17590,"date":"2026-10-13T22:04:42","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T02:04:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/?page_id=17590"},"modified":"2026-10-13T22:04:42","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T02:04:42","slug":"public-purpose-capital","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/","title":{"rendered":"Public purpose capital"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- Nexus network page \u00b7 https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/ \u00b7 source authored \u00b7 generated by integrations\/wordpress\/network\/build.mjs, never edit this file --><script type=\"text\/x-nexus\" class=\"_iub_cs_skip\" id=\"nxe-fig-engine\" 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\"><style>#nxe-n2blxfem.nxe{display:block;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:1180px;margin:0 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:where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-n2blxfem.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-hero\" data-layout=\"console\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-title-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-theme-toggle\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Appearance of this page\" hidden><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"light\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Light<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"dark\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Dark<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"auto\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Auto<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-folio\" aria-label=\"Document reference\"><strong>R05 \u00b7 TOPIC \u00b7 public-purpose-capital<\/strong>GRF dossier \u00b7 service level R0<\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-grid\"><div class=\"nx-hero-text\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GRF<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Capital Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Established<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-accent-row\"><span class=\"nx-accent-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span>Topic dossier \u00b7 Capital Nexus<\/span><\/div><h1 id=\"nx-title-1\" class=\"nx-hero-title\">Public purpose capital<\/h1><p class=\"nx-tagline\">Public purpose capital is the money a state commits to long-lived assets and institutions: roads, grids, schools, hospitals, public development banks and sovereign funds. How it is planned, appraised, selected, executed and maintained decides whether borrowing builds productive capacity or leaves debt without assets. This page sets out the principles that govern public capital allocation, how the quality of those institutions is assessed, and who holds the decisions the evidence serves.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/contact\/\">Make an enquiry <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/\">Back to Topics<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-panel\"><div class=\"nx-register\"><div class=\"nx-register-head\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Dossier<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">R05 \u00b7 topic<\/span><\/div><ol class=\"nx-register-rows\"><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-brief-answer\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">In brief<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Definition and scope<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-question\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">4 mechanisms<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-terms\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Key terms<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">3<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-field\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Field<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">H3 field plate<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Indicators<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">8<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-pipeline\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Pipeline<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Run graph<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-sources\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Sources<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">6<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-decisions\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Decision holders<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">4<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-methods\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Methods<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">3<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-register-foot\">GRF \u00b7 Established \u00b7 service level R0<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section> <nav class=\"nx-index-strip\" data-nx-spy=\"true\" aria-label=\"On this page\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><a href=\"#nx-sec-brief-answer\"><span>01<\/span>The short answer<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-field\"><span>02<\/span>Financial centres and urban exposure\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-question\"><span>03<\/span>Public purpose capital: how the risk\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-terms\"><span>04<\/span>Terms used on this page<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span>05<\/span>What is measured, and how well<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-pipeline\"><span>06<\/span>From sources to decisions<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-sources\"><span>07<\/span>Where the evidence comes from<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-decisions\"><span>08<\/span>Who decides, and what the evidence\u2026<\/a><\/div><\/nav> <section id=\"nx-sec-brief-answer\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">In brief<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The short answer.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Public investment management is how a state plans, appraises, selects, executes and maintains its long-lived assets and institutions, from roads, grids, schools and hospitals to public development banks and sovereign funds. It decides whether borrowing builds productive capacity or leaves debt without assets, and the IMF PIMA framework assesses it.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-field\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Geography<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Financial centres and urban exposure in Mexico.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The cities where people, assets and financial activity concentrate, shown for Mexico as an example geography for this subject.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-map nx-cmap\" data-nx-map=\"ctx\" data-cmap=\"mexico:finance\" data-ramp=\"purple\" data-basis=\"case\" data-focus=\"0 0 2000 1290|623 179 932 551|339 105 662 506|896 300 1116 618\"><figure class=\"nx-fk\" data-fk=\"map-mexico-finance\" data-ramp=\"purple\" 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\"><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>The cities where people, assets and financial activity concentrate.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Indicator derived from Natural Earth at map scale; a screening view, not an assessment.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"nx-live-slot nx-live-slot--map\" data-nxf-slot=\"map\" data-nxf-kind=\"map\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/grf\/R05\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#map\" data-nxf-title=\"Capital Nexus live map\" data-nxf-height=\"560\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-map-hud\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GRF \u00b7 Capital Nexus \u00b7 field<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-map-hud-right\">DESIGN FIGURE<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-question\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">The question<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Public purpose capital: how the risk develops.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Public investment and capital allocation principles. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"2\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M14 2v4a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h4\"\/><path d=\"M4.268 21a2 2 0 0 0 1.727 1H18a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V7l-5-5H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v3\"\/><path d=\"m9 18-1.5-1.5\"\/><circle cx=\"5\" cy=\"14\" r=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Allocation before appraisal<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">When projects enter the budget before they are appraised, selection follows visibility rather than value. Independent appraisal, published criteria and a single project pipeline are what keep allocation tied to stated public purpose.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 22h14\"\/><path d=\"M5 2h14\"\/><path d=\"M17 22v-4.172a2 2 0 0 0-.586-1.414L12 12l-4.414 4.414A2 2 0 0 0 7 17.828V22\"\/><path d=\"M7 2v4.172a2 2 0 0 0 .586 1.414L12 12l4.414-4.414A2 2 0 0 0 17 6.172V2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Execution gaps compound<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Delays, cost overruns and under-execution of capital budgets push spending into later years, crowd out new projects and weaken the link between the debt incurred and the assets delivered.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m12.83 2.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 6.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.83l8.58 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0l8.58-3.9a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.83Z\"\/><path d=\"m22 17.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 17.65\"\/><path d=\"m22 12.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 12.65\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Maintenance is deferred first<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Operations and maintenance compete with new projects in every budget round and usually lose. Deferred maintenance shortens asset life, raises later replacement costs and turns a stock of assets into a contingent liability.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><line x1=\"3\" x2=\"21\" y1=\"22\" y2=\"22\"\/><line x1=\"6\" x2=\"6\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"11\"\/><line x1=\"10\" x2=\"10\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"11\"\/><line x1=\"14\" x2=\"14\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"11\"\/><line x1=\"18\" x2=\"18\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"11\"\/><polygon points=\"12 2 20 7 4 7\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Capital outside the budget<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">State-owned enterprises, public development banks, sovereign funds and guarantees move public capital beyond the annual budget. Without consolidated reporting, the true size and risk of public investment is not visible to parliament.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-terms\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Key terms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Terms used on this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">PIMA<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">The IMF Public Investment Management Assessment, which rates fifteen institutions across planning, allocation and implementation.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Capital budget execution rate<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">Actual capital spending as a share of the approved capital budget.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Public investment efficiency gap<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">The difference between the public capital a country achieves for its spending and what the most efficient countries achieve.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-indicators\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Indicators<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What is measured, and how well.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each indicator carries its unit, its cadence, the kind of source behind it and the evidence label a value would carry. No values are shown: a programme supplies them under its own authority.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"register\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">PIMA institutional design and effectiveness rating<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">rating by institution (low, medium, high)<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per assessment<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">IMF Public Investment Management Assessment<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OFFICIAL<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">PEFA public investment management score<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">grade (A to D)<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per assessment<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">PEFA assessment report<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OFFICIAL<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Capital budget execution rate<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of approved capital appropriation<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Budget execution reports<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OFFICIAL<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">General government investment<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of GDP<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">National accounts, IMF Investment and Capital Stock Dataset<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Public capital stock<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of GDP<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Perpetual inventory estimates<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">MODELLED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Major projects with published appraisal<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of projects above the national threshold<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Treasury project registers<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">REPORTED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Maintenance allocation against asset base<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of estimated asset replacement value<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Budget documents, asset registers<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Public investment efficiency gap<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent distance from the efficiency frontier<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per assessment<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Frontier analysis of inputs and infrastructure outputs<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">MODELLED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"indicators\" data-nxf-kind=\"indicator\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/grf\/R05\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#indicators\" data-nxf-title=\"Indicators\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pipeline\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Canvas<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">From sources to decisions.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The topic as a computational graph: named sources feed the methods, an evidence review gates the outputs, and the decisions stay with the authorities that hold them.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-plate\" data-wide=\"true\"><div class=\"nx-plate-label\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Pipeline canvas<\/strong> \u00b7 Public purpose capital as a run graph<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Design, not a record<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-figure-frame\" data-scene=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-figure nx-ui nx-dag\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 564\" data-nx-dag=\"true\" data-w=\"1200\" data-h=\"564\" role=\"img\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-dag-r05-topics-public-purpose-capital-dsa-t nx-dag-r05-topics-public-purpose-capital-dsa-d\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><title id=\"nx-dag-r05-topics-public-purpose-capital-dsa-t\">Public purpose capital: debt sustainability analysis<\/title><desc id=\"nx-dag-r05-topics-public-purpose-capital-dsa-d\">A macro baseline drives debt dynamics; standard and tailored shocks (growth, rates, exchange rate, disasters, contingent liabilities) give a fan of paths; thresholds and the heat map give a risk rating that informs the debt strategy. Design of the process, not a record of a run.<\/desc><\/svg><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-caption\"><strong>Fig. 02<\/strong><span>Nodes carry their type, two metric rows and a state; connectors show what feeds what; dashed frames name the owners; the timeline is the cadence. Design of the pipeline, not a record of a run.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-sources\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where the evidence comes from.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Named public datasets and institutional records, each with its licence class. Sources by agreement are used only under their terms and never republished.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"register\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it gives<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">IMF Public Investment Management Assessment reports<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Institutional ratings across planning, allocation and implementation, with reform priorities<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public where published by the authorities, IMF terms<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">PEFA assessment reports (PEFA Secretariat)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Scored public financial management performance, public investment included<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public where published by the government, PEFA terms<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">IMF Investment and Capital Stock Dataset<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Public, private and partnership investment and capital stock series by country<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free, IMF copyright and usage terms<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">OECD Budget Practices and Procedures Survey<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Institutional features of capital budgeting across member and partner countries<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Public Development Banks and Development Financing Institutions Database (Finance in Common, AFD and Peking University)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Mandates, ownership and size of public development banks worldwide<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">National budget documents and audit reports<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Capital appropriations, execution and supreme audit findings<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public records, terms per government<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"evidence\" data-nxf-kind=\"evidence\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/grf\/R05\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#evidence\" data-nxf-title=\"Sources\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-decisions\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Decisions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who decides, and what the evidence serves.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Capital Nexus prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Who decides<\/th><th scope=\"col\">The question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence this page serves<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Finance and planning ministries<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which projects enter the budget, in what order, and under which appraisal standard<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">PIMA and PEFA dimensions on appraisal, selection and execution; project register coverage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Parliaments and budget committees<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Whether multi-year capital commitments are affordable and adequately maintained<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Execution rates, maintenance allocation and consolidated commitments outside the annual budget<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Supreme audit institutions<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which investment programmes warrant performance audit<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Execution gaps, cost overruns and appraisal coverage by sector<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Boards of public development banks and sovereign funds<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Whether the mandate, capital and risk appetite remain aligned with stated public purpose<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Mandate texts, ownership policies and published financial statements<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-4\">Outputs this topic produces<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Comparative briefs on public investment institutions using PIMA and PEFA dimensions<\/li><li>Dialogue papers on consolidating capital held outside the budget<\/li><li>Maintenance and execution evidence framed for parliamentary review<\/li><li>Question sets for appraisal and selection reforms<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Core questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What experts ask.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-rows\"><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">01<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">What should public capital pay for?<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Which investments deliver public value that markets will not, and how that case is made.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">02<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">How is risk reflected in appraisal?<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Whether hazards, climate change and maintenance needs are considered in project selection.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">03<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Who manages the assets?<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">How public assets are recorded, maintained and governed over their life.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">04<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">How are liabilities tracked?<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">How public backstops, public-private arrangements and state enterprises create contingent obligations.<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-mechanisms\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanisms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What drives the issue.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">Public investment management has stages: strategic planning, appraisal, selection, budgeting, implementation and asset management. Weaknesses at any stage reduce value, and research on public investment efficiency finds substantial losses between spending and the assets actually built.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Risk often enters too late. Projects appraised without hazard data may be built in exposed locations or to inadequate standards, and maintenance is frequently underfunded because it is less visible than new construction.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Off-budget commitments can hide risk. Public-private arrangements, state-owned enterprises and implicit backstops can create obligations that crystallize in crises, when fiscal space is smallest.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Political cycles favour visible new projects over maintenance and risk reduction, whose benefits are losses avoided.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Transparency is a safeguard in itself. Publishing project pipelines, appraisal results and asset condition lets legislatures, auditors and citizens see whether capital is going where the stated priorities say it should.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods-and-limits\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and limits<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How evidence is gathered, and where it stops.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Method or data<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it shows<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Its limit<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Method or data\">Public investment assessments<\/td><td data-label=\"What it shows\">Strengths and gaps in management<\/td><td data-label=\"Its limit\">Depend on documents and interviews<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Method or data\">Cost-benefit analysis<\/td><td data-label=\"What it shows\">Economic case for projects<\/td><td data-label=\"Its limit\">Sensitive to discount rates and risk assumptions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Method or data\">Asset registers<\/td><td data-label=\"What it shows\">What the state owns and its condition<\/td><td data-label=\"Its limit\">Often incomplete<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Method or data\">Fiscal risk statements<\/td><td data-label=\"What it shows\">Contingent liabilities<\/td><td data-label=\"Its limit\">Coverage and quality vary<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How it is studied, and what the methods cannot say.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-methods\" data-limits=\"true\"><ol class=\"nx-mledger\" aria-label=\"Methods\"><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/stem\/policy-science\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Policy, institutional and decision science<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Mandate and decision-rights mapping \u00b7 Institutional assessment synthesis<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/policy-science\/\" aria-label=\"Policy, institutional and decision science: canonical page on the STEM Commons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/stem\/economics\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Economics and development economics<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Appraisal of public investment \u00b7 Fiscal incidence of policy choices \u00b7 Indirect costs of shocks<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/economics\/\" aria-label=\"Economics and development economics: canonical page on the STEM Commons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/stem\/financial-economics\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Financial economics and macro-finance<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Debt sustainability under stress \u00b7 The sovereign and bank feedback loop<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/financial-economics\/\" aria-label=\"Financial economics and macro-finance: canonical page on the STEM Commons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><\/ol><aside class=\"nx-limits\" aria-label=\"What the methods cannot say\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">What the methods cannot say<\/span><p class=\"nx-limits-text\">Institutional assessments such as PIMA and PEFA are periodic and not every government publishes them, so evidence can be years old or absent. Capital stock estimates rest on assumed depreciation rates and initial stocks. Efficiency frontiers compare inputs with measured outputs and miss quality and distribution. Capital Nexus does not appraise projects, rank countries for investment or advise on allocation; it prepares governance evidence for the institutions that decide.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-14-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-14\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>What is a Public Investment Management Assessment?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">An IMF diagnostic that rates the institutions governing public investment across planning, allocation and implementation, including a climate module. It describes institutional design and effectiveness; it does not score individual projects.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why does maintenance matter to debt?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Assets that decay early must be replaced sooner, often with new borrowing. A budget that protects maintenance keeps the value of what the debt has already bought.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Are public development banks part of public investment?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">They deploy public capital under a public mandate, often off the main budget. Governance evidence treats their mandates, capital and contingent support as part of the public investment picture.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does Capital Nexus recommend projects or investments?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. It sets out principles, institutional evidence and questions. Allocation decisions belong to governments, parliaments and the boards of the institutions concerned.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does Capital Nexus appraise public projects?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. It convenes dialogue on appraisal principles. Appraisal and selection are decisions for competent public institutions.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why does maintenance matter for risk?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Because poorly maintained assets fail more often and more severely under stress, and replacement after failure usually costs more.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What is a contingent liability?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">An obligation that becomes payable only if an event occurs, such as a public backstop for a project or an enterprise.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-rel-15\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Related<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-rel-15\" class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Around Capital Nexus.<\/h2><nav class=\"nx-related nx-mt-3\" aria-label=\"Related\"><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/resilience-finance-governance\/\">Resilience finance governance <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/development-capital-policy\/\">Development capital policy <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/climate-and-nature-finance-policy\/\">Climate and nature finance policy <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/investment-governance\/\">Investment governance <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/finance-and-inequality\/\">Finance and inequality <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/country-capital-readiness\/\">Country capital readiness <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/\">Capital Nexus home <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/counterparts\/\">Counterparts across the Consortium <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/\">The Global Risks Forum home <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/trust\/\">GRF governance and trust <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-16\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Capital Nexus<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-16\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring your expertise to this field.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The current service level is R0: information and enquiries. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"mailto:contact@globalriskforum.com?subject=Capital%20Nexus%3A%20Public%20purpose%20capital\">Write to the team <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/contact\/\">See all contact routes<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script>\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#faq\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#webpage\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is a Public Investment Management Assessment?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"An IMF diagnostic that rates the institutions governing public investment across planning, allocation and implementation, including a climate module. It describes institutional design and effectiveness; it does not score individual projects.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why does maintenance matter to debt?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Assets that decay early must be replaced sooner, often with new borrowing. A budget that protects maintenance keeps the value of what the debt has already bought.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Are public development banks part of public investment?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"They deploy public capital under a public mandate, often off the main budget. Governance evidence treats their mandates, capital and contingent support as part of the public investment picture.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Does Capital Nexus recommend projects or investments?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"No. It sets out principles, institutional evidence and questions. Allocation decisions belong to governments, parliaments and the boards of the institutions concerned.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Does Capital Nexus appraise public projects?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"No. It convenes dialogue on appraisal principles. Appraisal and selection are decisions for competent public institutions.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why does maintenance matter for risk?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Because poorly maintained assets fail more often and more severely under stress, and replacement after failure usually costs more.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is a contingent liability?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"An obligation that becomes payable only if an event occurs, such as a public backstop for a project or an enterprise.\"}}]},{\"@type\":\"DefinedTermSet\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#terms\",\"name\":\"Key terms: Public purpose capital\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#webpage\"},\"hasDefinedTerm\":[{\"@type\":\"DefinedTerm\",\"name\":\"PIMA\",\"description\":\"The IMF Public Investment Management Assessment, which rates fifteen institutions across planning, allocation and implementation.\",\"inDefinedTermSet\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#terms\"}},{\"@type\":\"DefinedTerm\",\"name\":\"Capital budget execution rate\",\"description\":\"Actual capital spending as a share of the approved capital budget.\",\"inDefinedTermSet\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#terms\"}},{\"@type\":\"DefinedTerm\",\"name\":\"Public investment efficiency gap\",\"description\":\"The difference between the public capital a country achieves for its spending and what the most efficient countries achieve.\",\"inDefinedTermSet\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/#terms\"}}]}]}<\/script>\n\n<!-- nx-rev:2b004a0ad19cc611 -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LightDarkAuto R05 \u00b7 TOPIC \u00b7 public-purpose-capitalGRF dossier \u00b7 service level R0 GRF\u00b7Capital Nexus\u00b7Established Topic dossier \u00b7 Capital Nexus Public purpose capital Public purpose capital is the money a state commits &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/topics\/public-purpose-capital\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Public purpose capital&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":17571,"menu_order":188,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_buddyx_sub_header_visibility":"","_buddyx_sub_header_title_visibility":"","_hide_show_side_panel":"","_buddyxpro_page_sidebar":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_header":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_footer":"","_buddyxpro_page_content_width":"","_buddyxpro_page_header_style":"","_buddyxpro_page_color_mode":"","_buddyxpro_page_loader":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17590","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17590"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17672,"href":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17590\/revisions\/17672"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/capital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}